Table 4. Estimation of all-cause mortality rates using time-dependent multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis.
| Variables | Univariate Model | Multivariate Model 1 | Multivariate Model 2 | |||||
| HR (95% CI) | P-value | HR (95% CI) | P-value | HR (95% CI) | P-value | |||
| The log-likelihood value of multivariate Model 1 is 1836, the chi-square value is 111, and the P-value is < 0.001. The log-likelihood value of multivariate Model 2 is 1821, the chi-square value is 128, and the P-value is < 0.001. AF: atrial fibrillation; HRR: hemoglobin-to-red cell distribution width ratio; STS: the Society of Thoracic Surgeons. | ||||||||
| Age | 1.04 (1.02–1.06) | < 0.001 | 1.02 (1.00–1.05) | 0.048 | 1.03 (1.01–1.05) | 0.021 | ||
| Male | 1.51 (1.12–2.05) | 0.007 | 1.91 (1.37–2.66) | < 0.001 | 1.86 (1.34–2.58) | < 0.001 | ||
| Diabetes mellitus | 1.38 (1.02–1.87) | 0.035 | 1.46 (1.05–2.04) | 0.025 | 1.37 (0.98–1.92) | 0.062 | ||
| Hypertension | 1.45 (0.96–2.21) | 0.080 | 1.48 (0.96–2.29) | 0.076 | 1.38 (0.90–2.13) | 0.140 | ||
| STS score | 1.12 (1.08–1.16) | < 0.001 | 1.06 (1.01–1.10) | 0.017 | 1.05 (1.01–1.10) | 0.025 | ||
| Body mass index | 1.00 (0.96–1.05) | 0.996 | ||||||
| Previous myocardial infarction | 1.44 (1.04–2.00) | 0.029 | 1.16 (0.81–1.68) | 0.417 | 1.25 (0.87–1.80) | 0.229 | ||
| AF | 1.18 (0.84–1.64) | 0.339 | ||||||
| Malignancy | 2.01 (1.32–3.06) | 0.001 | 1.58 (1.01–2.48) | 0.045 | 1.75 (1.12–2.73) | 0.014 | ||
| Creatinine | 1.01 (0.98–1.04) | 0.561 | ||||||
| Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol | 0.99 (0.99–1.01) | 0.706 | ||||||
| Albumin | 0.41 (0.29–0.57) | < 0.001 | 0.69 (0.47–1.01) | 0.051 | 0.74 (0.51–1.08) | 0.120 | ||
| Aortic valve area | 0.63 (0.25–1.58) | 0.327 | ||||||
| Moderate to severe aortic regurgitation | 0.78 (0.56–1.08) | 0.136 | ||||||
| Moderate to severe mitral regurgitation | 1.07 (0.79–1.45) | 0.646 | ||||||
| Moderate to severe tricuspid regurgitation | 1.51 (1.11–2.05) | 0.008 | 1.13 (0.80–1.59) | 0.499 | 1.16 (0.82–1.63) | 0.409 | ||
| Left ventricular ejection fraction | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) | 0.048 | 0.99 (0.98–1.01) | 0.353 | 0.99 (0.98–1.01) | 0.327 | ||
| Anulus area | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.797 | ||||||
| Calcium score | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.204 | ||||||
| Valve type (self vs. balloon) | 1.25 (0.91–1.74) | 0.160 | ||||||
| Balloon postdilatation | 0.85 (0.59–1.22) | 0.371 | ||||||
| HRRcontinous | 0.05 (0.02–0.11) | < 0.001 | 0.09 (0.03–0.25) | < 0.001 | ||||
| HRRcategorical | 0.27 (0.20–0.37) | < 0.001 | 0.34 (0.24–0.49) | < 0.001 | ||||