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. 2026 Jun 30;24:502. doi: 10.1186/s12916-026-05005-5

Table 2.

CPRD Aurum sample (veteran and non-veteran) health risk factors

Non-veterans
244,573
Veterans
122,484
N % (95% CI)* % (95% CI)† N % (95% CI)* % (95% CI)†
Smoker
Never 53,742 51.70 (51.39 to 52.01) 53.84 (53.44 to 54.19) 44,193 45.61 (45.29 to 45.92) 46.36 (46.07 to 46.66)
Ex-smoker 28,392 27.31 (27.04 to 27.58) 26.12(25.86 to 26.38) 32,807 33.86 (33.56 to 34.16) 33.37 (33.08 to 33.66)
Smoker 21,809 20.98 (20.74 to 21.23) 20.04 (19.79 to 20.29) 19,894 20.53 (20.28 to 20.79) 20.26 (20.01 to 20.52)
Missing 140,630 57.50 - 25,590 20.89 -
Blood pressure
Normal 22,100 19.94 (19.71 to 20.18) 20.33 (20.11 to 20.55) 16,233 18.07 (17.82 to 18.32) 19.11 (18.83 to 19.40)
Pre-hypertension 50,775 45.82 (45.53 to 46.11) 46.80 (46.52 to 47.07) 43,315 48.22 (47.89 to 48.54) 48.21 (47.90 to 48.52)
Hypertension 37,942 34.24 (33.96 to 34.52) 32.87 (32.61 to 33.13) 30,285 33.71 (33.40 to 34.02) 32.67 (32.37 to 32.98)
Missing 133,756 54.69 - 32,651 26.66 -
BMI
Underweight 4,404 5.15 (5.00 to 5.30) 4.32 (4.20 to 4.43) 1,224 1.48 (1.40 to 1.56) 2.03 (1.93 to 2.13)
Normal weight 24,990 29.23 (28.92 to 29.53) 30.84 (30.46 to 31.23) 23,035 27.84 (27.54 to 28.15) 27.89 (27.59 to 28.19)
Overweight 29,937 35.01 (34.69 to 35.33) 36.31 (36.02 to 36.60) 32,155 38.86 (38.53 to 39.19) 38.28 (38.00 to 38.57)
Obesity class I 16,881 19.74 (19.48 to 20.01) 18.94 (18.68 to 19.20) 17,789 21.50 (21.22 to 21.78) 21.31 (21.03 to 21.58)
≥Obesity class II 9,295 10.87 (10.66 to 11.08) 9.59 (9.38 to 9.80) 8,538 10.32 (10.11 to 10.53) 10.49 (10.28 to 10.70)
Missing 159,066 65.04 - 39,743 32.45 -

Category percentages are based on complete cases; missing percentages are based on the full sample*Proportions calculated for patients with complete data on variables†Pooled proportions obtained using multiple imputed datasetsBlood pressure: normal= Systolic < 120 and Diastolic < 80, pre-hypertension= Systolic 120–139 or Diastolic 80–89, and hypertension= Systolic ≥ 140 or Diastolic ≥ 90Body mass index (BMI): underweight: ≤18.49, normal weight: 18.50 to 24.99, overweight: 25 to 29.99, obesity class I: 30 to 34.99, and obesity class II or higher: ≥35