Table 2.

PICOS inclusion criteria

	Description
Population	Terrestrial subjects (astronauts as applicable), no gender or age restrictions
Interventions	Terrestrial simulated extravehicular activities or EVA-operationally relevant tasks, including unsuited/shirt sleeve 1 g, microgravity 0 g, suited (1 g, simulated Lunar 1/6 g, Martian 3/8 g)
Control conditions	Terrestrial (1 g) where applicable
Outcomes	Aerobic fitness: Peak aerobic capacity, ventilatory threshold, critical speed, critical power, peak power output, anaerobic power
	Muscular fitness: isokinetic strength peak torque and total work (concentric/eccentric), maximal isometric force (leg press, bench press, mid-thigh pull; knee extension), isotonic power (leg press, bench press), countermovement/vertical jump
	EVA intensity: aerobic capacity, heart rate, rate of perceived exertion, energy expenditure
Study designs	All types of experimental designs were included