Table 2. Summary of compact transposon-based systems used in plants.
| TnpB | PAM or TAM | Species | Engineering strategy | Mutation efficiency | Spot | Ref. |
| PAM, protospacer adjacent motif; TAM, target adjacent motif; STU, single-transcript unit. | ||||||
| ISYmu1 | TTGAT | Arabidopsis protoplasts and plants | Wild type | 0.1%–4.2% in protoplasts; 8.5% in plants |
Delivery with tobacco rattle virus; transgene-free editing | [30] |
| ISYmu1 | TTGAT | Rice | Wild type | 6.3%–4.5% | Produces edited plants with no off-target mutations | [27] |
| Ymu1 | TTGAT | Arabidopsis plants | Mutated amino acids | 8.2%–24.1% | Virus-mediated delivery without Tissue culture | [46] |
| eTnpBc | TTGAT | Tobacco | Mutated amino acids | 100% | Virus-mediated delivery without Tissue culture | [31] |
| eTnpBe | TTGAT | pepper | Mutated amino acids | 10% | High editing efficiency | [24] |
| eTnpBe | TTGAT | rice | Mutated amino acids | 29.3% | High editing efficiency | [24] |
| eTnpBc | TTGAT | Tobacco | Mutated amino acids | 55% | High editing efficiency | [24] |
| ISDra2 | TTGAT | Arabidopsis protoplasts | Wild type | 0–4.8% | – | [30] |
| ISDra2 | TTGAT | Rice | Wild type | 5.6–41.9% | Produces edited plants with no off-target mutations | [27] |
| ISDra2 | TTGAT | Rice | Wild type | 33.6% | Produces edited plants | [26] |
| ISAam1 | TTTAA | Arabidopsis protoplasts | Wild type | 0%–0.3% | – | [30] |
| ISAam1 | TTTAA | Rice | Wild type | 4.5%–6.3% | – | [27] |
| ISAam1(N3Y) | TTTAA | Soybean hairy roots | Mutated amino acids | 1.5% | – | [47] |
| ISAam1(T296R) | TTTAA | Soybean hairy roots | Mutated amino acids | 1.3% | – | [47] |
| TnpB | TTGAT | Arabidopsis | Wild type | 14% | Works in multiple species | [12] |
| IsDge10 | TTAT | Rice | Mutated amino acids | 4.2%–25% | Multiple sites edited | [28] |
| enIscB | TGCTAA | Rice | Combination of mutated IscB and ωRNA | 41.9% | Fused to T5E | [44] |
| enIscB | CAGGAA | Rice protoplasts | Mutated amino acids and truncated ωRNA | 2.05%–8.3% | – | [28] |
| SpuFz1 | CATA | Rice protoplasts | Wild type | 0 | No activity observed | [28] |
| NlovFz2-STU | CCG | Rice | Uses STU | 2.8% in rice protoplast; 22.5%–50.0% in rice |
Uses the enhanced editing efficiency of STU | [48] |
| SpuFz1-STU | CATA | Rice | Uses STU | 1.4% in rice protoplasts; 24.8%–34.6% in rice | Uses the enhanced editing efficiency of STU | [48] |
| MmeFz2-STU | TAG | Rice | Uses STU | 0.9% in rice protoplasts; 17.8%–18.8% in rice | Uses the enhanced editing efficiency of STU | [48] |
| GtFz1-STU | TTAAN | Rice protoplasts | Uses STU | 0 | – | [48] |