Table 2.

Four balance parameters in patients with CSM and asymptomatic controls across the six testing methods.

Balance parameter	Group	15 s		30s		60s
		Arms hanging down	Arms extended forward	Arms hanging down	Arms extended forward	Arms hanging down	arms extended forward
95% confidence ellipse area (cm2)	Healthy subjects	22.11 ± 14.94	21.91 ± 15.83	29.79 ± 21.13	24.78 ± 15.99	28.19 ± 21.95	30.79 ± 23.38
	CSM patients	47.80 ± 32.97	47.71 ± 36.84	56.53 ± 32.70	49.30 ± 30.15	57.63 ± 34.06	58.39 ± 43.54
Anterior–posterior center of gravity velocity (cm/s)	Healthy subjects	1.687 ± 0.563	1.770 ± 0.568	1.462 ± 0.406	1.564 ± 0.427	1.585 ± 0.621	1.523 ± 0.603
	CSM patients	3.187 ± 2.533	3.431 ± 3.076	3.063 ± 2.544	3.080 ± 2.891	2.900 ± 3.641	3.013 ± 2.416
Left–right center of gravity velocity (cm/s)	Healthy subjects	1.806 ± 0.766	1.767 ± 0.706	1.666 ± 0.707	1.607 ± 0.607	1.566 ± 0.707	1.608 ± 0.606
	CSM patients	3.003 ± 1.576	3.077 ± 1.676	3.076 ± 1.607	2.876 ± 1.608	2.987 ± 1.633	2.796 ± 1.566
COP trajectory length (cm)	Healthy subjects	38.487 ± 8.667	41.263 ± 10.167	72.31 ± 14.59	74.01 ± 17.42	143.32 ± 36.88	150.00 ± 44.83
	CSM patients	70.27 ± 41.86	72.77 ± 49.97	136.26 ± 94.60	133.07 ± 96.30	239.87 ± 189.17	264.07 ± 209.67

*The inter group comparison showed that, in all six conditions (p < 0.05), all balance parameter were significantly greater in CSM patients than in healthy controls, which means that the balance function is impaired in CSM patients.