TABLE 2.
Baseline biochemical characteristics and intake of participants according groups.
| Parameters | All | CG | LMP | P-values |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 181 | 93 | 88 | ||
| HbA1c (%) | 5.9 ± 0.2 | 5.9 ± 0.2 | 5.9 ± 0.2 | 0.29 |
| Glucose (mmol/L) | 5.9 ± 1.6 | 6.1 ± 1.6 | 5.7 ± 1.5 | 0.11 |
| WBC (103/µL) | 7.3 ± 1.9 | 7.2 ± 1.7 | 7.4 ± 2.0 | 0.43 |
| Lymphocytes (%) | 38.0 ± 8.5 | 38.8 ± 9.2 | 37.1 ± 7.5 | 0.17 |
| MCV (fL) | 84.5 ± 6.1 | 84.0 ± 6.6 | 85.0 ± 5.5 | 0.29 |
| RCD width (%) | 13.5 ± 1.6 | 13.5 ± 1.5 | 13.4 ± 1.6 | 0.59 |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 3.8 ± 0.5 | 3.9 ± 0.5 | 3.8 ± 0.5 | 0.21 |
| Crea (mg/dL) | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.3 | 0.16 |
| ALP (U/L) | 79.5 ± 28.4 | 78.4 ± 21.1 | 80.7 ± 34.6 | 0.60 |
| CRP (mg/L) | 2.5 (2.5–6.2) | 2.5 (2.5–6.8) | 2.5 (2.5–5.7) | 0.59 |
| GDF15 (pg/mL) | 788.0 (530–1203) | 750.0 (578–1134) | 789.2 (466–1222) | 0.80 |
| SOST (pg/mL) | 162.3 (78.5–237.8) | 135.7 (77.4–214.1) | 185.6 (80.2–252.4) | 0.62 |
| Intake (Kcal) | 2048.6 (1830–2239) | 2110.1 (1908–2289) | 1984.1 (1765–2203) | 0.14 |
Data presented as Mean ± SD, for normal parameters; N (%) is used to present categorical variables. Significance set at p < 0.05. No covariate adjustment was performed as groups were balanced at baseline on all measured parameters. Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; Q1, Quartile 1; Q3, Quartile 3; HbA1c, Hemoglobin A1c; WBC, white blood cell count; MCV, mean corpuscular volume; RCD, width, Red Cell Distribution Width; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; CRP, C-Reactive Protein; GDF15, Growth Differentiation Factor 15; SOST, sclerostin.