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. 2026 Jul 3;12:48. doi: 10.1186/s40729-026-00701-6

Table 1.

Technical specifications and manufacturers of the materials

Material Chemical composition (%) Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (10− 6 K− 1) Flexural strength (MPa) Manufacturer
inCoris ZI; zirconia ZrO2+HfO2+Y2O3 (≥ 99.0), Y2O3 (> 4.5 - ≤ 6.0), HfO2 (≤ 5), Al2O3 (≤ 0.5), Fe2O3 (≤ 0.3) 11 > 900 Sirona Dental Systems

IPS e.max CAD;

Lithium disilicate glass ceramic

SiO2 (57–80), Li2O (11–19), K2O (0–13), P2O5 (0–11), ZrO2 (0–8), ZnO (0–8), Al2O3 (0–5), MgO (0–5), Colouring oxides (0–8) 10.2 360 Ivoclar Vivadent
Vita Mark II; feldspathic ceramic SiO2 (56–64), Al2O3 (20–23), Na2O (6–9), K2O (6–8), CaO (0.3–0.6), TiO2 (0-0.1) 9.4 136 Vita Zahnfabrik
IPS e.max CAD Crystall./Connect; fusion glass ceramic

Water, butandiol and zinc chloride (11–30),

Powder (70–90); SiO2 (50–65), Al2O3 (8–22), Na2O (6–11), K2O (4–8), ZnO (1–3), other oxides (5-17.5), pigments (0.1-3)

9.5 160 Ivoclar Vivadent