A, mesenchymal cells isolated from the lung of a patient with acute lung injury (ALI-MC) were grown to near-confluence and growth-arrested for 48 h prior to treatment with/without TGF-β1 (2 ng/ml for 12 h) in the presence/absence of the indicated protein kinase inhibitors. Cell lysates were then obtained and subjected to SDS-PAGE followed by immunoblotting against phosphorylated (serine 473) PKB/Akt (S473 phospho-Akt). The blot was stripped and probed for total Akt. B, densitometric analyses of the Western blots in A. C, human lung fibroblasts (IMR-90) were similarly cultured and treated ± TGF-β1 (2 ng/ml) ± protein kinase inhibitors as described above. Western blot analyses for Ser-473-phospho-Akt and total Akt are shown. D, densitometric analyses of the Western blots in C. PD, PD98059 (20 μm); SB, SB203580 (6 μm); Jnk-I, SP600125 (100 nm); Rho-I, Y27632 (15 nm); LY, LY294002 (10 μ m); and WM, wortmannin (50 nm).