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. 2026 Sep 2;13(9):1024. doi: 10.3390/bioengineering13091024
AI Artificial Intelligence
AUC Area Under the Curve
CNN Convolutional Neural Network
FN False Negative
FP False Positive
FPR False Positive Rate
GLCM Gray-Level Co-occurrence Matrix
Grad-CAM Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping
H&E Hematoxylin and Eosin
LBP Local Binary Pattern
MAP Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis
ML Machine Learning
MLP Multi-Layer Perceptron
ROC Receiver Operating Characteristic
ROC-AUC Receiver Operating Characteristic Area Under the Curve
SW-MSA Shifted Window Multi-Head Self-Attention
TN True Negative
TP True Positive
TPR True Positive Rate
ViT Vision Transformer
W-MSA Window Multi-Head Self-Attention
XAI Explainable Artificial Intelligence
XGBoost Extreme Gradient Boosting