| AWE-S | Awe Experiences Scale |
| CLBP | chronic low back pain |
| HMD | head-mounted display |
| mDES | Modified Differential Emotions Scale |
| PANAS | Positive and Negative Affect Schedule |
| PHQ-9 | Patient Health Questionnaire–9 |
| PROMIS-Interference | PROMIS Pain Interference–Short Form 6b |
| SF-MPQ PRI | McGill Pain Questionnaire, Short Form: Pain Rating Index |
| TEI | Treatment Evaluation Inventory |
| VAS | Pain Visual Analogue Scale |
| VR | virtual reality |
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