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. 2026 Sep 8;15(18):1578. doi: 10.3390/biology15181578
APC adenomatous polyposis coli
AUROC area under the receiver operating characteristic curve
BRAF B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase
CI confidence interval
COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
COX-2 cyclooxygenase-2
CRC colorectal cancer
DVD/CAR/PMDS divinylbenzene/carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane
FDR false discovery rate
FIT faecal immunochemical test
GC-MS gas chromatography mass spectrometry
HCs healthy controls
HS-SPME headspace solid-phase microextraction
KRAS Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog
MMR mismatch repair
MSI microsatellite instability
NF-κB nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
NPV negative predictive value
OPLS-DA orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis
PCA principal component analysis
PPV positive predictive value
SD standard deviation
TDN 1,2-dihydro-1,1,6-trimethyl-naphthalene
TP53 tumour protein 53
VIP variables of importance in projection
VOMs volatile organic metabolites