| 4EHP | eIF4E homologous protein |
| aaRS | aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase |
| ABCE1 | ATP-binding cassette subfamily E member 1 |
| ADAT2/3 | adenosine deaminase acting on tRNA, subunits 2 and 3 |
| ASCC | activating signal cointegrator 1 complex |
| ATF4 | activating transcription factor 4 |
| BCAA | branched-chain amino acid |
| BCAT | branched-chain aminotransferase |
| BCAT2 | branched-chain aminotransferase 2 |
| BCKD | branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase |
| CTNNA1 | catenin alpha 1 |
| EDF1 | endothelial differentiation-related factor 1 |
| eIF2α | eukaryotic initiation factor 2α |
| eS31 | ribosomal protein eS31 |
| GATOR | GTPase-activating protein activity toward Rags |
| GCN1 | general control nonderepressible 1 |
| GCN2 | general control nonderepressible 2 |
| GFP | green fluorescent protein |
| GIGYF2 | GRB10-interacting GYF protein 2 |
| HBS1L | HBS1-like translational GTPase |
| I34 | inosine at transfer RNA position 34 |
| IARS1 | cytoplasmic isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase 1 |
| ISR | integrated stress response |
| IUPAC | International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry |
| JNK | c-Jun N-terminal kinase |
| KRAS | KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase |
| LARS1 | leucyl-tRNA synthetase 1 |
| LAT1 | L-type amino acid transporter 1 |
| LTN1 | listerin E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1 |
| MAP3K20 | mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 20 (ZAK) |
| mim-tRNAseq | modification-induced misincorporation tRNA sequencing |
| mRNA | messenger RNA |
| mTORC1 | mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 |
| NEMF | nuclear export mediator factor |
| PELO | pelota mRNA surveillance and ribosome rescue factor |
| QC | quality control |
| RACK1 | receptor for activated C kinase 1 |
| RagD | Ras-related GTP-binding protein D |
| Ribo-seq | ribosome profiling |
| RNA-seq | RNA sequencing |
| RNF25 | ring finger protein 25 |
| RQC | ribosome-associated quality control |
| RSR | ribotoxic stress response |
| RT-qPCR | reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction |
| SAMP8 | senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 |
| SLFN11 | Schlafen family member 11 |
| TFEB | transcription factor EB |
| tRNA | transfer RNA |
| ZAKα | α isoform of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 20 |
| ZNF598 | zinc finger protein 598 |
| Ψ | pseudouridine |