| BDNF | brain-derived neurotrophic factor |
| ccPAS | cortico-cortical paired associative stimulation |
| cTBS | continuous theta-burst stimulation |
| DLPFC | dorsolateral prefrontal cortex |
| EEG | electroencephalography |
| E-field | electric field |
| fMRI | functional magnetic resonance imaging |
| ICF | intracortical facilitation |
| iTBS | intermittent theta-burst stimulation |
| LICI | long-interval intracortical inhibition |
| LTD | long-term depression |
| LTP | long-term potentiation |
| MEP | motor-evoked potential |
| MRI | magnetic resonance imaging |
| nTMS | neuronavigated transcranial magnetic stimulation |
| PAS | paired associative stimulation |
| PET | positron emission tomography |
| rTMS | repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation |
| SANRA | Scale for the Assessment of Narrative Review Articles |
| SICI | short-interval intracortical inhibition |
| TBS | theta-burst stimulation |
| TMS | transcranial magnetic stimulation |
| TMS–EEG | concurrent transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalography |