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. 2026 Aug 31;16(9):925. doi: 10.3390/brainsci16090925
PD Parkinson’s disease
PBM Photobiomodulation
LLLT Low-level light therapy
RCT Randomized controlled trial
PRISMA Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews
MeSH Medical Subject Headings
RoB 2.0 Cochrane Risk-of-Bias tool, version 2
ROBINS-I Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies-of Interventions
MD Mean difference
REML Restricted maximum likelihood
HKSJ Hartung–Knapp–Sidik–Jonkman
CI Confidence interval
MDS-UPDRS-III Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, Part III
TUG Timed Up and Go test
TMWT Ten-Meter Walk Test
MCID Minimal clinically important difference
DBS Deep brain stimulation
SD Standard deviation