Skip to main content
. 2026 Aug 27;16(9):1244. doi: 10.3390/biom16091244
MNPs Magnetic nanoparticles
GRAS Generally recognized as safe
APTES (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane
ABTS 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)
DDW Double distilled water
AFM Atomic force microscopy
TEM Transmission electron microscopy
FT-IR Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy
Tv Trametes versicolor
PBS Phosphate buffer
Af Free laccase activity
Awb Laccase activity in washing buffer
Aim Activity of immobilized enzyme
DLS Dynamic light scattering
DA Dopamine
PDA Polydopamine
XRD X-ray diffraction
XPS X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy