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. 2026 Aug 27;16(9):914. doi: 10.3390/brainsci16090914
Akt Protein kinase B
AMPAR Alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor
BDNF Brain-derived neurotrophic factor
CCI Chronic Constriction Injury
CCL/CCR C-C motif chemokine ligand and C-C chemokine receptor
COX-2 Cyclooxygenase-2
CSF1/CSF1R Colony-stimulating factor 1 and colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor
DAP12 DNAX-activating protein of 12 kDa
EA Electroacupuncture
FKN Fractalkine
GABA/GABAᴀ γ-aminobutyric acid and γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor
GFAP Glial fibrillary acidic protein
GLP-1/GLP-1R Glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor
GRK2 G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2
HMGB1 High mobility group box 1
HSPs Heat shock proteins
IASP International Association for the Study of Pain
Iba1 Ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1
IL-1β/IL-6/IL-10/IL-18 Interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, interleukin-10, and interleukin-18
iNOS Inducible nitric oxide synthase
IRF8 Interferon Regulatory Factor 8
KCC2 Potassium-chloride cotransporter 2
MAPK Mitogen-activated protein kinase
MiR-124 MicroRNA-124
MyD88 Myeloid differentiation primary response 88
NF-κB Nuclear factor kappa B
NLRP3 NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3
NMDA N-methyl-D-aspartate
NO Nitric oxide
NP Neuropathic pain
P2X4R/P2X7R/P2Y12R P2X4, P2X7, and P2Y12 purinergic receptors
PD-1/PD-L1 Programmed cell death protein 1 and programmed death-ligand 1
ROS Reactive Oxygen Species
SDH Spinal Dorsal Horn
sEPSCs Spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents
SNI Spared Nerve Injury
SNL Spinal Nerve Ligation
TLR4 Toll-like receptor 4
TNF-α Tumor necrosis factor-α
TREM2 Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2
α7nAChR Alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor