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. 2026 Sep 19;18(18):3043. doi: 10.3390/cancers18183043
AIS adenocarcinoma in situ
ALK anaplastic lymphoma kinase
ATORG Asian Thoracic Oncology Research Group
cfDNA cell-free DNA
CHIP clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential
CI confidence interval
CT computed tomography
ctDNA circulating tumor DNA
DFS disease-free survival
EFS event-free survival
EGFR epidermal growth factor receptor
FDA U.S. Food and Drug Administration
HR hazard ratio
LOD limit of detection
MIA minimally invasive adenocarcinoma
MRD molecular residual disease
NPV negative predictive value
NSCLC non-small-cell lung cancer
OS overall survival
pCR pathologic complete response
PD-L1 programmed death-ligand 1
ppm parts per million
RET rearranged during transfection
RFS recurrence-free survival
VAF variant allele frequency
WGS whole-genome sequencing