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. 2026 Sep 6;13(9):438. doi: 10.3390/jcdd13090438
CHD Congenital heart diseases
ASD Atrial septal defect
PDA Patent ductus arteriosus
CA Coarctation of the aorta
ToF Tetralogy of Fallot
ccTGA Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries
MV Mitral valve
BAV Bicuspid aortic valve
RV Right ventricle
PV Pulmonary valve
VSD Ventricular septal defect
TGA Transposition of the great arteries
CAD Coronary artery disease
HF Heart failure
NYHA New York Heart Association
RVOT Right ventricular outflow tract
HFpEF Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
HFrEF Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
d-TGA Dextro-transposition of the great arteries
AV Atrioventricular
AVRT Atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia
VT Ventricular tachycardia
RBBB Right bundle branch block
PFO Patent foramen ovale
ECG Electrocardiography
WPW Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome
2D Two-dimensional
3D Three-dimensional
4D Four-dimensional
GLS Global longitudinal strain
LA Left atrium
TEE Transesophageal echocardiography
CMR Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging
CCT Cardiac computed tomography
PVR Pulmonary vascular resistance
AR Aortic regurgitation
AVSD Atrioventricular septal defects
TTE Transthoracic echocardiography
IVS Interventricular septum
sPAP Systolic pulmonary artery pressure
DCRV Double-chambered right ventricle
BSA Body surface area
RVEDV Right ventricular end-diastolic volume
RVESV Right ventricular end-systolic volume
DORV Double-outlet right ventricle
LVOT Left ventricular outflow tract
LVNC Left ventricular noncompaction