Table 3.
Comparisons of Effectiveness of Modalities, Defined as Abstinence or Reduction in Use and Stratified According to the Propensities of Receiving Treatment in One Modality versus Another
| Propensity Score Strata | N in Modalitiesa | Abstinence OR (95% CI) | Reduction in Use OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inpatient (INP) versus Outpatient Drug-free (OP) | ||||
| 1 Propensity: ↓INP↑OP | NINP=17 | NOP=160 | 1.42 (0.43–4.58) | 3.38 (1.07–10.67)* |
| 2 | 64 | 116 | 0.88 (0.41–1.88) | 2.01 (1.04–3.87)* |
| 3 | 82 | 92 | 1.08 (0.48–2.41) | 0.83 (0.44–1.55) |
| 4 | 125 | 52 | 0.92 (0.45–1.91) | 0.75 (0.38–1.49) |
| 5 Propensity: ↑INP↓OP | 145 | 32 | 0.67 (0.26–1.71) | 0.91 (0.40–2.06) |
| Conditional logistic regression | 433 | 452 | 0.96 (0.67–1.38) | 1.14 (0.84–1.56) |
| Residential (RES) versus Outpatient Drug-free (OP) | ||||
| 1 Propensity: ↓RES↑OP | NRES=34 | NOP=138 | 0.27 (0.08–0.97)* | 0.50 (0.20–1.24) |
| 2 | 70 | 103 | 0.52 (0.20–1.33) | 0.91 (4.50–1.85) |
| 3 | 85 | 85 | 1.57 (0.63–3.89) | 0.66 (0.34–1.26) |
| 4 | 119 | 53 | 1.77 (0.71–4.40) | 0.95 (0.48–1.89) |
| 5 Propensity: ↑RES↓OP | 136 | 35 | 1.52 (0.62–3.74) | 1.27 (0.60–2.72) |
| Conditional logistic regression | 444 | 414 | 0.95 (0.66–1.36) | 0.81 (0.61–1.09) |
| Detox/Methadone (DT/MT) versus Outpatient Drug-free (OP) | ||||
| 1 Propensity: ↑DT/MT↓OP | NDT/MT=30 | NOP=144 | 1.63 (0.44–6.03) | 2.50 (0.90–6.96) |
| 2 | 42 | 131 | 1.52 (0.61–3.74) | 0.81 (0.36–1.82) |
| 3 | 82 | 92 | 0.87 (0.41–1.84) | 1.35 (0.70–2.59) |
| 4 | 96 | 77 | 0.70 (0.33–1.45) | 0.67 (0.35–1.29) |
| 5 Propensity: ↑DT/MT↓OP | 165 | 8 | 0.86 (0.10–7.56) | 1.09 (0.24–5.00) |
| Conditional logistic regression | 415 | 452 | 0.86 (0.58–1.26) | 1.08 (0.78–1.49) |
| Inpatient (INP) versus Detox/Methadone (DT/MT) | ||||
| 1 Propensity: ↓INP↑DT/MT | NINP=21 | NDT/MT=49 | 1.65 (0.51–5.35) | 0.95 (0.36–2.47) |
| 2 | 59 | 111 | 1.14 (0.49–2.63) | 1.46 (0.74–2.90) |
| 3 | 101 | 72 | 0.67 (0.30–1.50) | 0.81 (0.41–1.59) |
| 4 | 113 | 53 | 1.84 (0.77–4.42) | 2.30 (1.07–4.91)* |
| 5 Propensity: ↑INP↓DT/MT | 139 | 30 | 0.69 (0.21–2.26) | 0.72 (0.29–1.79) |
| Conditional logistic regression | 433 | 415 | 1.32 (0.91–1.93) | 1.11 (0.81–1.51) |
| Residential (RES) versus Detox/Methadone (DT/MT) | ||||
| 1 Propensity: ↓RES↑DT/MT | NRES=8 | NDT/MT=167 | 1.34 (0.25–7.19) | 0.37 (0.07–1.93) |
| 2 | 59 | 115 | 0.82 (0.30–2.23) | 0.63 (0.30–1.35) |
| 3 | 107 | 68 | 0.49 (0.21–1.14) | 1.01(0.50–2.03) |
| 4 | 137 | 38 | 0.94 (0.32–2.71) | 0.69 (0.28–1.72) |
| 5 Propensity: ↑RES↓DT/MT | 146 | 27 | 1.63 (0.52–5.06) | 1.24 (0.49–3.11) |
| Conditional logistic regression | 457 | 415 | 0.98 (0.65–1.48) | 0.74 (0.53–1.03) |
| Inpatient (INP) versus Residential (RES) | ||||
| 1 Propensity: ↓INP↑RES | NINP=26 | NRES=152 | 1.68 (0.68–4.16) | 1.80 (0.73–4.49) |
| 2 | 54 | 124 | 1.09 (0.49–2.44) | 1.49 (0.75–2.96) |
| 3 | 88 | 90 | 0.77 (0.33–1.84) | 1.62 (0.84–3.15) |
| 4 | 111 | 67 | 1.85 (0.74–4.59) | 1.01(0.52–2.00) |
| 5 Propensity: ↑INP↓RES | 154 | 24 | 4.57 (0.84–24.88) | 2.86 (0.85–9.55) |
| Conditional logistic regression | 433 | 457 | 1.36 (0.94–1.97) | 1.59 (1.17–2.17)** |
Note: Analyses within each propensity quartile were weighted by the probability weights provided by SROS.
a
Numbers for some modalities vary across comparisons because of missing data in the independent variables used to derive propensity scores for those comparisons.
*
P<.05
**
P<.01
***
P<.001