AD	Alzheimer’s disease
AI	Artificial intelligence
BBB	Blood–brain barrier
CD33	Cluster of differentiation 33
CNS	Central nervous system
CR1	Complement receptor 1
DNA	Deoxyribonucleic acid
FMT	Fecal microbiota transplantation
GFAP	Glial fibrillary acidic protein
GIBRA	Gut–Immune–Brain Resilience Axis
GM-CSF	Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor
HDAC	Histone deacetylase
HIF-1α	Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha
IDO1	Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1
IFN-γ	Interferon gamma
IL	Interleukin
IL-1β	Interleukin-1 beta
IL-6	Interleukin-6
IL-17	Interleukin-17
IL-18	Interleukin-18
LBP	Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein
LIME	Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations
LPS	Lipopolysaccharide
MAMPs	Microbial-associated molecular patterns
NF-κB	Nuclear factor kappa B
NLRP3	NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3
NMDA	N-methyl-D-aspartate
NOD	Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain
PD	Parkinson’s disease
RNA	Ribonucleic acid
SASP	Senescence-associated secretory phenotype
SCFAs	Short-chain fatty acids
scRNA-Seq	Single-cell RNA sequencing
SHAP	SHapley Additive exPlanations
TLR2	Toll-like receptor 2
TLR4	Toll-like receptor 4
TLR5	Toll-like receptor 5
TNF-α	Tumor necrosis factor alpha
TREM2	Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2
ZO-1	Zonula occludens-1
16S rRNA	16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid
Aβ	Amyloid-beta
α-Synuclein	Alpha-synuclein
γδ T cells	Gamma delta T cells