| AFM | Atomic force microscopy |
| [AMIM]Cl | 1-Allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride |
| B | Betaine |
| [BMIM]Cl | 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride |
| CAc | Choline acetate |
| CC | Choline chloride |
| CCit | Choline citrate |
| Ch | Chitosan |
| CLa | Choline lactate |
| CMC | Carboxymethyl cellulose |
| CNC | Cellulose nanocrystals |
| DES | Deep eutectic solvent |
| DFT | Density functional theory |
| DMTA | Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis |
| DSC | Differential scanning calorymetry |
| EB | Elongation at break |
| Fruc | Fructose |
| FTIR | Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy |
| G | Glycerol |
| Gluc | Glucose |
| HBA | Hydrogen bond acceptor |
| HBD | Hydrogen bond donor |
| HOPS | Hydroxypropyl oxidized potato starch |
| La | Lactic acid |
| LCA | Life cycle assessment |
| MCC | Microcrystalline cellulose |
| MFI | Melt flow index |
| MMT | Montmorillonite |
| NaAc | Sodium acetate |
| OP | Oxygen permeability |
| OTR | Oxygen transmission rate |
| R | Resorcinol |
| RP | Rice protein |
| S | Sorbitol |
| SEM | Scanning electron microscopy |
| SPI | Soy protein isolate |
| TGA | Thermal gravimetric analysis |
| TMAH | Tetramethylammonium hydroxide |
| TPS | Thermoplastic starch |
| TS | Tensile strength |
| U | Urea |
| UMMT | Urea-modified montmorillonite |
| WCA | Water contact angle |
| WG | Wheat gluten |
| WVP | Water vapor permeability |
| WVTR | Water vapor transmission rate |
| XPS | X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy |
| XRD | X-ray diffractometry |
| YM | Young’s modulus |