Table 6.
Fixed Effects Regression Estimates for PYLL (Cause-Specific)
| Variables | Model 1 | P | Model 2 | P | Model 3 | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PYLL–Asthma and Bronchitis (Both Genders) per 100,000 Population (n=467) | ||||||
| Primary care score | −16.081 | 0.000 | −8.009 | 0.000 | −6.087 | 0.000 |
| Doctors/1,000 pop. | −19.707 | 0.000 | −11.857 | 0.000 | ||
| GDP/capita | 0.000 | 0.048 | 0.001 | 0.015 | ||
| Elderly | 2.502 | 0.535 | 8.547 | 0.037 | ||
| Doctor visits/capita | 0.174 | 0.865 | ||||
| Alcohol (l/capita) | −0.497 | 0.613 | ||||
| Tobacco (g/capita) | −0.003 | 0.337 | ||||
| (Tobacco-missing) | 3.182 | 0.335 | ||||
| Log income (ppp) | −51.878 | 0.000 | ||||
| _Cons | 213.605 | 0.000 | 186.721 | 0.000 | 466.839 | 0.000 |
| F (df) | 149 (1,448) | 0.000 | 84 (4,445) | 0.000 | 47 (9,440) | 0.000 |
| R-2 (within) | 0.249 | 0.429 | 0.489 | |||
| F-test (vs. model 1) | — | 45 (3,445) | 0.000 | 24 (8,440) | 0.000 | |
| F-test (vs. model 2) | — | — | — | 9 (5,440) | 0.001 | |
| PYLL–Pneumonia and Influenza (Both Genders) per 100,000 Population (n=467) | ||||||
| Primary care score | −62.338 | 0.000 | −23.403 | 0.002 | −18.709 | 0.017 |
| Doctors/1,000 pop. | −166.180 | 0.000 | −149.002 | 0.000 | ||
| GDP/capita | 0.004 | 0.002 | 0.006 | 0.000 | ||
| Elderly | 36.053 | 0.103 | 56.793 | 0.015 | ||
| Doctor visits/capita | −6.065 | 0.299 | ||||
| Alcohol (l/capita) | −1.727 | 0.758 | ||||
| Tobacco (g/capita) | −0.035 | 0.033 | ||||
| (Tobacco-missing) | −10.384 | 0.581 | ||||
| Log income (ppp) | −114.132 | 0.007 | ||||
| _Cons | 702.491 | 0.000 | 644.488 | 0.000 | 1,383.982 | 0.000 |
| F (df) | 75 (1,448) | 0.000 | 59(4,445) | 0.000 | 28 (9,440) | 0.000 |
| R-2 (within) | 0.144 | 0.346 | 0.364 | |||
| F-test (vs. model 1) | — | 45 (3,445) | 0.000 | 17 (8,440) | 0.001 | |
| F-test (vs. model 2) | — | — | — | 1 (5,440) | >0.05 | |
| PYLL–Cerebrovascular Disease (Both Genders) per 100,000 Population (n=467) | ||||||
| Primary care score | −39.304 | 0.000 | −11.833 | 0.000 | −8.340 | 0.001 |
| Doctors/1,000 pop. | −24.124 | 0.000 | −22.342 | 0.000 | ||
| GDP/capita | −0.006 | 0.000 | −0.003 | 0.000 | ||
| Elderly | 23.285 | 0.002 | 28.107 | 0.000 | ||
| Doctor visits/capita | −5.076 | 0.005 | ||||
| Alcohol (l/capita) | −1.620 | 0.355 | ||||
| Tobacco (g/capita) | 0.005 | 0.352 | ||||
| (Tobacco-missing) | 37.779 | 0.000 | ||||
| Log income (ppp) | -64.779 | 0.000 | ||||
| _Cons | 578.836 | 0.000 | 445.944 | 0.000 | 806.266 | 0.000 |
| F (df) | 152 (1,448) | 0.000 | 234(4,445) | 0.000 | 129 (9,440) | 0.000 |
| R-2 (within) | 0.254 | 0.678 | 0.725 | |||
| F-test (vs. model 1) | — | 193 (3,445) | 0.000 | 92 (8,440) | 0.000 | |
| F-test (vs. model 2) | — | — | — | 14 (5,440) | 0.001 | |
| PYLL–Heart Disease (Both Genders) per 100,000 Population (n=467) | ||||||
| Primary care score | −115.646 | 0.000 | −71.014 | 0.000 | −53.048 | 0.000 |
| Doctors/1,000 pop. | 8.393 | 0.532 | 22.830 | 0.074 | ||
| GDP/capita | −0.013 | 0.000 | −0.004 | 0.000 | ||
| Elderly | 5.562 | 0.761 | −33.285 | 0.032 | ||
| Doctor visits/capita | −5.668 | 0.144 | ||||
| Alcohol (l/capita) | −16.136 | 0.000 | ||||
| Tobacco (g/capita) | 0.158 | 0.000 | ||||
| (Tobacco-missing) | 48.153 | 0.000 | ||||
| Log income (ppp) | −153.697 | 0.000 | ||||
| _Cons | 1,585.478 | 0.000 | 1,320.365 | 0.000 | 1,788.172 | 0.000 |
| F (df) | 287 (1,448) | 0.000 | 201 (4,445) | 0.000 | 171 (9,440) | 0.000 |
| R-2 (within) | 0.391 | 0.643 | 0.778 | |||
| F-test (vs. model 1) | — | 103 (3,445) | 0.000 | 93 (8,440) | 0.000 | |
| F-test (vs. model 2) | — | — | — | 52 (5,440) | 0.000 | |