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. 2003 Dec;38(6 Pt 1):1487–1508. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-6773.2003.00189.x

Table A2.

Regression of Outcomes on Nursing and Other Variables, Surgical Pool, 11-State All-Patient, 11-State Medicare, MedPAR Samples

UTI Pressure Ulcer Pneumonia DVT
11-State All Patient
Robust Robust Robust Robust
IRR Std. Err. P>z IRR Std. Err. P>z IRR Std. Err. P>z IRR Std. Err. P>z
LICENSED Hours per Patient Day 1.006 0.008 0.480 0.981 0.011 0.081 1.018 0.012 0.141 1.032 0.014 0.019
AIDE Hours per Patient Day 1.000 0.012 0.984 1.034 0.020 0.085 1.003 0.018 0.873 1.029 0.027 0.283
RN Hours/LICENSED Hours 0.589 0.119 0.009 0.828 0.299 0.600 0.522 0.164 0.038 1.687 0.625 0.158
New York 0.040 0.055 0.974 0.061 0.674 0.947 0.067 0.439 0.817 0.075 0.028
Massachusetts 0.956 0.056 0.448 1.145 0.154 0.314 0.800 0.082 0.030 0.741 0.102 0.029
Maryland 0.914 0.063 0.194 0.978 0.078 0.786 1.017 0.089 0.847 0.890 0.106 0.327
Virginia 0.885 0.056 0.053 0.987 0.097 0.892 0.957 0.075 0.573 0.855 0.088 0.130
West Virginia 0.908 0.077 0.254 1.009 0.136 0.946 1.061 0.115 0.585 1.053 0.166 0.746
South Carolina 0.941 0.071 0.422 1.060 0.150 0.683 1.004 0.124 0.973 1.047 0.130 0.711
Wisconsin 0.944 0.062 0.381 1.026 0.111 0.812 1.054 0.106 0.603 0.903 0.093 0.325
Missouri 0.912 0.057 0.145 1.009 0.102 0.932 1.063 0.098 0.504 0.879 0.090 0.210
Arizona 0.953 0.075 0.541 1.067 0.123 0.574 0.902 0.084 0.270 0.780 0.133 0.144
Nevada 1.070 0.091 0.427 1.192 0.229 0.360 1.173 0.176 0.288 1.172 0.220 0.396
Major Teaching Hospital 1.160 0.066 0.010 1.019 0.069 0.780 1.341 0.100 0.000 1.420 0.214 0.020
Other Teaching Hospital 1.044 0.039 0.247 1.050 0.055 0.351 1.058 0.057 0.291 1.060 0.060 0.305
Large Metropolitan 1.038 0.038 0.306 1.084 0.060 0.147 1.104 0.061 0.072 1.151 0.072 0.025
Non-Metropolitan 1.061 0.053 0.239 1.071 0.099 0.457 0.985 0.081 0.853 1.240 0.108 0.013
Less Than 100 Beds 1.088 0.048 0.056 0.913 0.090 0.355 1.024 0.069 0.727 0.784 0.068 0.005
250–499 Beds 1.013 0.039 0.738 1.057 0.059 0.322 1.066 0.054 0.210 1.102 0.066 0.108
500 or More 1.019 0.057 0.738 0.970 0.076 0.699 0.987 0.078 0.865 1.208 0.128 0.074
Number of Obs 795.000 788.000 796.000 796.000
Wald chi2(20) 34.090 14.810 37.750 77.110
Prob>chi2 0.026 0.787 0.010 0.000
Pseudo R2 0.005 0.005 0.008 0.028
11-State Medicare
LICENSED Hours per Patient Day 1.003 0.008 0.656 0.967 0.012 0.009 1.015 0.013 0.268 1.020 0.015 0.183
AIDE Hours per Patient Day 1.003 0.012 0.795 1.042 0.023 0.064 1.009 0.020 0.672 0.998 0.024 0.920
RN Hours/LICENSED Hours 0.675 0.142 0.062 0.811 0.345 0.624 0.356 0.121 0.002 1.265 0.520 0.566
New York 0.929 0.042 0.105 0.990 0.069 0.884 0.932 0.067 0.328 0.848 0.075 0.062
Massachusetts 0.930 0.058 0.247 1.134 0.181 0.431 0.694 0.080 0.001 0.686 0.092 0.005
Maryland 0.912 0.061 0.167 1.042 0.105 0.680 0.990 0.088 0.910 0.872 0.099 0.227
Virginia 0.921 0.057 0.184 0.952 0.107 0.661 0.965 0.082 0.671 0.853 0.102 0.181
West Virginia 0.943 0.077 0.472 1.061 0.143 0.659 0.976 0.108 0.825 0.963 0.176 0.838
South Carolina 0.961 0.073 0.606 1.123 0.155 0.402 0.951 0.120 0.687 1.123 0.154 0.398
Wisconsin 0.990 0.066 0.874 1.091 0.127 0.453 1.004 0.109 0.974 1.020 0.101 0.839
Missouri 0.904 0.059 0.118 1.009 0.120 0.940 0.991 0.098 0.924 0.909 0.096 0.363
Arizona 0.929 0.082 0.406 1.213 0.136 0.086 0.866 0.084 0.138 0.803 0.155 0.257
Nevada 1.048 0.085 0.561 1.447 0.322 0.097 1.051 0.124 0.674 1.177 0.215 0.371
Major Teaching Hospital 1.201 0.069 0.001 1.054 0.087 0.524 1.336 0.113 0.001 1.377 0.140 0.002
Other Teaching Hospital 1.087 0.041 0.028 1.102 0.070 0.125 1.043 0.060 0.467 1.045 0.067 0.490
Large Metropolitan 1.026 0.036 0.476 1.111 0.068 0.086 1.135 0.065 0.026 1.223 0.092 0.008
Non-Metropolitan 1.020 0.051 0.694 1.161 0.117 0.138 0.970 0.086 0.736 1.297 0.128 0.008
Less Than 100 Beds 1.134 0.049 0.004 0.924 0.101 0.473 1.066 0.077 0.377 0.876 0.086 0.176
250–499 Beds 0.990 0.039 0.804 1.054 0.067 0.407 1.025 0.057 0.664 1.078 0.072 0.258
500 or More 0.952 0.050 0.356 1.082 0.098 0.381 0.926 0.075 0.341 1.221 0.110 0.027
Number of Obs 789.000 781.000 793.000 794.000
Wald chi2(20) 33.650 23.610 38.750 56.920
Prob>chi2 0.029 0.260 0.007 0.000
Pseudo R2 0.006 0.009 0.009 0.022
National MedPAR
LICENSED Hours per Patient Day 0.991 0.003 0.004 0.986 0.004 0.001 0.989 0.003 0.001 0.995 0.005 0.326
RN Hours/LICENSED Hours 0.877 0.084 0.169 0.902 0.111 0.404 0.936 0.101 0.540 1.516 0.239 0.008
Alabama 1.047 0.052 0.356 1.172 0.073 0.011 1.088 0.069 0.183 1.065 0.089 0.450
Alaska 0.937 0.186 0.743 1.349 0.182 0.026 0.612 0.123 0.015 1.205 0.335 0.501
Arizona 1.043 0.066 0.513 1.049 0.091 0.582 0.974 0.066 0.703 0.911 0.108 0.431
Arkansas 1.086 0.067 0.178 1.182 0.107 0.064 1.064 0.082 0.419 1.052 0.127 0.678
Colorado 0.982 0.065 0.778 1.025 0.080 0.750 0.990 0.058 0.866 0.950 0.122 0.692
Connecticut 0.971 0.074 0.703 1.109 0.115 0.323 1.003 0.088 0.977 1.048 0.125 0.697
Delaware 0.924 0.096 0.448 1.237 0.051 0.000 1.212 0.339 0.492 0.776 0.104 0.059
District of Columbia 0.964 0.085 0.676 0.879 0.090 0.206 1.083 0.172 0.617 0.875 0.131 0.372
Florida 0.992 0.033 0.801 1.056 0.049 0.246 0.989 0.040 0.790 0.997 0.059 0.961
Georgia 1.007 0.046 0.879 1.124 0.067 0.051 1.067 0.057 0.220 1.052 0.086 0.534
Hawaii 0.992 0.053 0.886 1.127 0.128 0.293 0.952 0.080 0.557 1.069 0.216 0.741
Idaho 1.054 0.093 0.554 1.074 0.223 0.730 1.117 0.171 0.472 1.076 0.244 0.748
Illinois 0.986 0.039 0.712 1.013 0.051 0.802 0.990 0.043 0.807 0.897 0.057 0.088
Indiana 0.988 0.059 0.836 1.066 0.064 0.289 1.017 0.066 0.789 1.030 0.097 0.756
Iowa 1.001 0.076 0.993 1.090 0.095 0.321 1.101 0.131 0.417 1.060 0.138 0.654
Kansas 0.999 0.063 0.992 1.193 0.142 0.138 0.981 0.081 0.814 1.174 0.128 0.142
Kentucky 1.009 0.047 0.843 1.154 0.088 0.059 1.066 0.065 0.295 1.014 0.087 0.871
Louisiana 0.972 0.052 0.594 1.053 0.066 0.408 1.057 0.062 0.340 1.060 0.091 0.494
Maine 1.052 0.106 0.613 1.163 0.192 0.360 0.995 0.086 0.957 1.113 0.199 0.551
Maryland 0.970 0.052 0.565 0.993 0.055 0.894 0.996 0.059 0.943 0.906 0.076 0.242
Massachusetts 0.945 0.050 0.286 0.992 0.075 0.914 0.940 0.058 0.316 0.869 0.075 0.104
Michigan 0.894 0.038 0.008 0.987 0.052 0.804 0.964 0.053 0.506 0.859 0.065 0.046
Minnesota 0.947 0.057 0.364 1.085 0.087 0.309 0.879 0.064 0.077 0.977 0.082 0.784
Mississippi 1.086 0.066 0.177 1.189 0.084 0.014 1.100 0.096 0.275 1.074 0.110 0.484
Missouri 0.955 0.049 0.377 1.044 0.086 0.596 1.026 0.057 0.643 0.882 0.070 0.113
Montana 1.025 0.110 0.816 1.099 0.159 0.511 1.006 0.109 0.953 1.367 0.355 0.228
Nebraska 1.027 0.089 0.762 1.176 0.113 0.093 1.007 0.104 0.948 1.160 0.248 0.488
Nevada 1.037 0.078 0.628 1.232 0.218 0.238 1.028 0.086 0.740 1.054 0.176 0.752
New Hampshire 1.009 0.089 0.915 1.071 0.170 0.668 1.010 0.151 0.948 1.067 0.186 0.709
New Jersey 0.965 0.042 0.403 1.002 0.049 0.965 1.047 0.057 0.403 0.882 0.068 0.102
New Mexico 1.032 0.079 0.676 1.216 0.196 0.226 1.022 0.115 0.848 1.070 0.207 0.725
New York 0.936 0.031 0.050 0.905 0.042 0.031 0.965 0.039 0.386 0.799 0.047 0.000
North Carolina 0.997 0.045 0.954 1.115 0.065 0.064 1.040 0.062 0.507 0.989 0.078 0.883
North Dakota 1.011 0.075 0.883 1.196 0.152 0.160 0.952 0.089 0.597 1.198 0.306 0.479
Ohio 0.952 0.037 0.204 1.059 0.052 0.244 0.975 0.041 0.538 0.869 0.057 0.033
Oklahoma 1.047 0.073 0.509 1.183 0.125 0.110 1.049 0.096 0.602 1.095 0.101 0.326
Oregon 1.011 0.070 0.870 1.112 0.096 0.219 1.001 0.091 0.990 1.038 0.121 0.748
Pennsylvania 0.925 0.037 0.054 0.987 0.049 0.784 1.022 0.045 0.614 0.926 0.061 0.248
Rhode Island 0.859 0.081 0.107 0.978 0.145 0.879 0.848 0.098 0.151 0.873 0.141 0.399
South Carolina 0.970 0.060 0.626 1.138 0.085 0.084 1.019 0.068 0.781 1.032 0.097 0.736
South Dakota 0.977 0.099 0.820 1.211 0.160 0.146 1.073 0.211 0.720 0.979 0.235 0.931
Tennessee 1.043 0.056 0.430 1.104 0.069 0.111 1.057 0.070 0.405 1.014 0.085 0.867
Texas 1.031 0.038 0.410 1.094 0.053 0.063 1.048 0.042 0.242 1.002 0.064 0.977
Utah 0.901 0.109 0.390 1.038 0.096 0.689 0.971 0.084 0.735 1.001 0.191 0.994
Vermont 0.914 0.093 0.379 1.116 0.168 0.465 0.860 0.198 0.513 0.836 0.218 0.493
Virginia 0.969 0.046 0.501 1.065 0.058 0.247 1.039 0.052 0.443 0.980 0.085 0.811
Washington 0.988 0.067 0.857 1.050 0.109 0.637 0.962 0.083 0.656 1.010 0.156 0.951
West Virginia 0.924 0.070 0.302 1.150 0.097 0.098 1.110 0.083 0.163 1.104 0.108 0.309
Wisconsin 0.972 0.052 0.594 1.095 0.071 0.161 1.079 0.085 0.337 0.986 0.073 0.853
Wyoming 0.912 0.187 0.652 1.325 0.205 0.069 0.841 0.140 0.300 1.064 0.197 0.737
Major Teaching Hospital 1.216 0.032 0.000 1.223 0.039 0.000 1.135 0.034 0.000 1.217 0.054 0.000
Other Teaching Hospital 1.072 0.018 0.000 1.081 0.022 0.000 1.030 0.020 0.126 0.959 0.026 0.121
Large Metropolitan 1.038 0.018 0.029 1.184 0.026 0.000 1.087 0.022 0.000 1.107 0.031 0.000
Non-Metropolitan 0.957 0.019 0.032 0.984 0.029 0.587 1.011 0.027 0.677 0.981 0.037 0.616
Less Than 100 Beds 1.098 0.023 0.000 1.101 0.037 0.004 1.074 0.030 0.011 0.908 0.040 0.028
250–499 Beds 0.968 0.016 0.052 0.963 0.020 0.074 0.945 0.019 0.004 1.140 0.032 0.000
500 or More 0.940 0.023 0.011 0.907 0.026 0.001 0.876 0.024 0.000 1.213 0.047 0.000
Number of Obs 3,288.000 3,217.000 3,293.000 3,297.000
Wald chi2(20) 118.960 202.510 102.930 231.480
Prob>chi2 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Pseudo R2 0.005 0.011 0.005 0.016
Mortality Failure to Rescue GI Bleeding CNS
11-State All Patient
Robust Robust Robust Robust
IRR Std. Err. P>z IRR Std. Err. P>z IRR Std. Err. P>z IRR Std. Err. P>z
LICENSED Hours per Patient Day 1.000 0.007 0.992 0.982 0.008 0.022 0.989 0.013 0.380 1.033 0.017 0.051
AIDE Hours per Patient Day 1.008 0.012 0.496 1.017 0.014 0.194 1.007 0.020 0.707 1.034 0.026 0.180
RN Hours/LICENSED Hours 1.124 0.202 0.517 0.715 0.149 0.107 0.528 0.191 0.077 2.098 0.968 0.108
New York 0.903 0.035 0.009 0.945 0.044 0.224 1.103 0.079 0.170 0.946 0.095 0.581
Massachusetts 0.909 0.061 0.157 1.014 0.133 0.916 1.160 0.113 0.127 1.055 0.114 0.618
Maryland 0.948 0.052 0.335 0.999 0.068 0.984 1.037 0.091 0.675 0.912 0.173 0.628
Virginia 0.894 0.051 0.048 1.021 0.063 0.735 1.004 0.107 0.970 0.950 0.132 0.711
West Virginia 1.007 0.070 0.923 0.963 0.076 0.633 1.036 0.136 0.790 1.086 0.207 0.666
South Carolina 0.953 0.073 0.533 1.008 0.065 0.903 1.110 0.138 0.403 0.903 0.153 0.546
Wisconsin 0.981 0.051 0.707 0.999 0.072 0.993 1.110 0.099 0.245 0.822 0.094 0.087
Missouri 0.992 0.049 0.867 0.976 0.059 0.689 1.037 0.082 0.647 1.000 0.117 0.999
Arizona 0.934 0.074 0.383 1.050 0.089 0.563 1.025 0.150 0.864 0.879 0.129 0.380
Nevada 1.081 0.085 0.320 0.989 0.086 0.902 1.053 0.167 0.742 0.772 0.206 0.332
Major Teaching Hospital 1.167 0.054 0.001 1.031 0.052 0.541 0.981 0.083 0.821 0.990 0.102 0.923
Other Teaching Hospital 1.022 0.031 0.479 1.011 0.035 0.758 1.079 0.056 0.144 0.928 0.075 0.358
Large Metropolitan 0.986 0.030 0.634 0.978 0.036 0.540 1.101 0.061 0.080 1.021 0.090 0.815
Non-Metropolitan 0.977 0.048 0.629 0.929 0.055 0.213 1.000 0.085 0.997 1.134 0.127 0.264
Less Than 100 Beds 0.946 0.046 0.255 0.938 0.055 0.275 0.946 0.077 0.492 0.765 0.090 0.023
250–499 Beds 1.110 0.035 0.001 1.008 0.036 0.835 1.083 0.057 0.129 1.172 0.088 0.035
500 or More 1.163 0.050 0.000 1.097 0.057 0.071 0.848 0.069 0.044 1.080 0.124 0.500
Number of Obs 796.000 785.000 797.000 796.000
Wald chi2(20) 75.080 17.990 30.650 28.930
Prob>chi2 0.000 0.588 0.060 0.089
Pseudo R2 0.015 0.006 0.008 0.010
11-State Medicare
LICENSED Hours per Patient Day 0.993 0.008 0.403 0.978 0.009 0.013 0.991 0.014 0.517 1.033 0.020 0.106
AIDE Hours per Patient Day 1.001 0.013 0.955 1.014 0.016 0.369 0.999 0.024 0.962 1.014 0.032 0.647
RN Hours/LICENSED Hours 0.929 0.189 0.718 0.698 0.168 0.135 0.404 0.171 0.032 2.063 1.095 0.172
New York 0.942 0.042 0.179 0.948 0.046 0.264 1.126 0.092 0.147 1.062 0.126 0.615
Massachusetts 0.854 0.071 0.057 1.028 0.130 0.826 1.063 0.126 0.608 1.087 0.145 0.533
Maryland 0.938 0.051 0.239 1.012 0.068 0.857 0.979 0.095 0.830 0.932 0.203 0.747
Virginia 0.924 0.053 0.172 1.069 0.069 0.301 1.118 0.135 0.352 1.034 0.174 0.842
West Virginia 0.932 0.067 0.321 0.878 0.083 0.166 0.981 0.138 0.891 0.970 0.235 0.901
South Carolina 0.980 0.078 0.794 1.010 0.083 0.902 1.145 0.161 0.336 0.999 0.226 0.998
Wisconsin 0.969 0.055 0.575 1.001 0.082 0.995 1.069 0.105 0.497 0.899 0.116 0.409
Missouri 0.975 0.055 0.656 0.991 0.067 0.889 1.079 0.097 0.401 1.035 0.144 0.807
Arizona 0.934 0.075 0.392 1.075 0.094 0.407 1.013 0.184 0.944 0.855 0.143 0.346
Nevada 1.058 0.084 0.474 1.035 0.118 0.760 1.084 0.247 0.722 0.801 0.260 0.495
Major Teaching Hospital 1.143 0.059 0.010 1.014 0.053 0.798 0.962 0.096 0.699 1.019 0.134 0.884
Other Teaching Hospital 1.016 0.032 0.610 1.024 0.043 0.580 1.106 0.067 0.099 0.919 0.086 0.365
Large Metropolitan 0.977 0.035 0.518 0.961 0.043 0.365 1.163 0.073 0.017 1.000 0.102 0.999
Non-Metropolitan 0.990 0.051 0.839 0.927 0.057 0.221 1.035 0.099 0.721 1.103 0.146 0.456
Less Than 100 Beds 1.016 0.053 0.760 0.947 0.058 0.378 1.009 0.090 0.921 0.859 0.119 0.273
250–499 Beds 1.097 0.037 0.007 1.029 0.044 0.503 1.062 0.065 0.330 1.077 0.094 0.393
500 or More 1.064 0.050 0.190 1.095 0.062 0.108 0.816 0.079 0.035 1.021 0.141 0.878
Number of Obs 794.000 767.000 794.000 794.000
Wald chi2(20) 27.560 19.180 33.200 12.980
Prob>chi2 0.120 0.510 0.032 0.878
Pseudo R2 0.007 0.006 0.010 0.004
Mortality Failure to Rescue GI Bleeding CNS
National MedPAR
Robust Robust Robust Robust
IRR Std. Err. P>z IRR Std. Err. P>z IRR Std. Err. P>z IRR Std. Err. P>z
LICENSED Hours per Patient Day 0.999 0.002 0.660 0.999 0.003 0.763 0.987 0.004 0.001 0.991 0.007 0.189
RN Hours/LICENSED Hours 0.873 0.069 0.088 0.813 0.066 0.011 0.769 0.109 0.063 1.628 0.381 0.037
Alabama 0.950 0.039 0.217 0.973 0.039 0.495 1.047 0.081 0.550 0.996 0.115 0.969
Alaska 0.989 0.175 0.948 0.986 0.255 0.958 1.007 0.376 0.985 1.129 0.430 0.750
Arizona 0.999 0.042 0.986 1.021 0.039 0.587 1.019 0.095 0.839 0.883 0.107 0.307
Arkansas 0.977 0.056 0.688 0.977 0.061 0.709 1.069 0.101 0.485 0.959 0.208 0.848
Colorado 0.986 0.056 0.806 0.994 0.067 0.925 1.001 0.108 0.993 1.009 0.168 0.958
Connecticut 1.002 0.050 0.964 1.001 0.039 0.981 1.089 0.099 0.346 0.878 0.111 0.302
Delaware 0.897 0.054 0.072 0.948 0.061 0.402 1.257 0.133 0.030 0.911 0.317 0.788
District of Columbia 0.959 0.095 0.671 0.997 0.084 0.968 1.019 0.166 0.909 0.825 0.217 0.465
Florida 0.957 0.026 0.098 0.979 0.030 0.492 1.005 0.054 0.923 0.978 0.076 0.775
Georgia 0.969 0.037 0.408 1.000 0.041 0.998 1.060 0.072 0.390 0.966 0.117 0.773
Hawaii 0.991 0.076 0.904 0.981 0.071 0.793 0.931 0.147 0.651 1.157 0.353 0.632
Idaho 1.026 0.083 0.755 1.044 0.107 0.675 1.091 0.153 0.532 1.026 0.293 0.929
Illinois 0.979 0.033 0.522 1.019 0.038 0.604 1.048 0.055 0.373 0.971 0.096 0.766
Indiana 0.987 0.038 0.729 1.013 0.050 0.798 1.071 0.087 0.395 0.981 0.119 0.875
Iowa 0.952 0.056 0.402 1.008 0.050 0.866 1.039 0.100 0.696 0.936 0.195 0.753
Kansas 0.990 0.071 0.884 1.001 0.080 0.986 0.979 0.089 0.818 0.962 0.157 0.812
Kentucky 0.967 0.048 0.502 1.006 0.041 0.881 1.009 0.080 0.907 0.913 0.119 0.484
Louisiana 0.948 0.039 0.196 0.961 0.049 0.428 0.988 0.071 0.864 1.079 0.123 0.506
Maine 1.036 0.097 0.704 1.003 0.112 0.979 1.132 0.114 0.219 1.248 0.248 0.266
Maryland 0.986 0.050 0.780 1.024 0.059 0.686 1.031 0.072 0.661 0.891 0.144 0.476
Massachusetts 0.988 0.045 0.793 0.981 0.046 0.681 1.056 0.085 0.497 1.004 0.116 0.971
Michigan 0.947 0.035 0.136 0.992 0.033 0.812 1.013 0.063 0.839 0.935 0.098 0.521
Minnesota 1.036 0.067 0.580 1.017 0.071 0.804 1.001 0.091 0.989 1.101 0.131 0.421
Mississippi 0.975 0.045 0.584 0.992 0.066 0.907 1.075 0.128 0.545 0.983 0.192 0.932
Missouri 1.013 0.040 0.743 1.016 0.052 0.753 1.044 0.079 0.566 0.959 0.108 0.712
Montana 1.039 0.106 0.706 1.046 0.099 0.636 1.039 0.245 0.872 0.852 0.329 0.677
Nebraska 0.938 0.078 0.439 0.940 0.108 0.595 0.999 0.156 0.993 0.851 0.186 0.458
Nevada 0.969 0.073 0.675 0.955 0.064 0.489 0.976 0.140 0.866 1.047 0.256 0.850
New Hampshire 0.994 0.078 0.941 1.017 0.088 0.847 1.038 0.157 0.807 0.967 0.191 0.865
New Jersey 0.994 0.038 0.866 0.992 0.036 0.820 1.035 0.067 0.593 0.916 0.096 0.403
New Mexico 1.016 0.085 0.853 1.022 0.157 0.889 0.955 0.113 0.699 1.099 0.257 0.686
New York 0.972 0.029 0.344 1.004 0.029 0.893 0.985 0.054 0.777 0.888 0.070 0.131
North Carolina 0.970 0.034 0.383 1.003 0.037 0.930 1.075 0.083 0.350 1.029 0.137 0.827
North Dakota 0.970 0.067 0.660 0.989 0.070 0.879 1.034 0.160 0.827 1.078 0.310 0.794
Ohio 0.956 0.029 0.128 0.989 0.033 0.740 1.048 0.063 0.429 0.953 0.092 0.618
Oklahoma 0.943 0.054 0.304 0.978 0.051 0.673 1.037 0.087 0.667 0.807 0.215 0.420
Oregon 1.010 0.055 0.854 1.044 0.082 0.581 1.070 0.115 0.533 0.960 0.123 0.751
Pennsylvania 0.976 0.030 0.423 0.996 0.030 0.885 1.010 0.052 0.852 0.926 0.079 0.367
Rhode Island 0.924 0.096 0.448 1.015 0.102 0.885 0.910 0.143 0.549 0.802 0.170 0.298
South Carolina 0.926 0.043 0.101 0.970 0.039 0.459 1.011 0.086 0.899 0.988 0.164 0.943
South Dakota 0.993 0.068 0.922 0.996 0.066 0.952 1.190 0.223 0.354 0.999 0.234 0.998
Tennessee 0.955 0.038 0.257 0.985 0.039 0.709 1.066 0.076 0.372 1.002 0.110 0.986
Texas 0.959 0.027 0.140 0.985 0.031 0.624 1.023 0.053 0.662 0.989 0.088 0.900
Utah 0.975 0.059 0.679 1.036 0.082 0.653 1.039 0.134 0.768 1.136 0.226 0.522
Vermont 0.919 0.116 0.502 1.031 0.097 0.747 1.106 0.171 0.515 1.024 0.406 0.952
Virginia 0.960 0.039 0.316 0.991 0.041 0.825 0.999 0.082 0.990 0.972 0.119 0.815
Washington 0.977 0.062 0.716 1.017 0.048 0.723 0.998 0.097 0.980 0.923 0.128 0.563
West Virginia 0.935 0.046 0.177 0.976 0.048 0.615 1.064 0.102 0.521 1.037 0.202 0.853
Wisconsin 0.989 0.044 0.805 1.006 0.047 0.902 1.069 0.083 0.394 0.882 0.108 0.308
Wyoming 1.047 0.141 0.732 1.081 0.226 0.710 1.090 0.218 0.667 0.842 0.457 0.752
Major Teaching Hospital 1.049 0.022 0.021 1.031 0.021 0.126 0.975 0.040 0.549 0.957 0.061 0.486
Other Teaching Hospital 1.020 0.013 0.134 1.030 0.014 0.033 1.022 0.024 0.353 0.950 0.037 0.196
Large Metropolitan 0.967 0.013 0.016 0.959 0.014 0.004 1.045 0.026 0.084 1.006 0.043 0.892
Non-Metropolitan 0.957 0.017 0.014 0.967 0.020 0.108 0.979 0.032 0.519 0.992 0.055 0.881
Less Than 100 Beds 0.954 0.021 0.034 0.963 0.025 0.144 1.048 0.037 0.183 0.831 0.049 0.002
250–499 Beds 1.069 0.014 0.000 1.017 0.015 0.255 1.020 0.024 0.397 0.996 0.040 0.917
500 or More 1.075 0.019 0.000 1.029 0.019 0.126 0.874 0.032 0.000 1.043 0.068 0.516
Number of Obs 3,297.000 3,184.000 3,297.000 3,294.000
Wald chi2(20) 101.000 37.570 58.680 45.420
Prob>chi2 0.001 0.987 0.487 0.903
Pseudo R2 0.005 0.002 0.003 0.004
11-State All Patient
LICENSED Hours per Patient Day 1.006 0.011 0.579 0.998 0.013 0.896 0.997 0.010 0.742 1.000 0.012 1.000
AIDE Hours per Patient Day 0.997 0.017 0.847 0.990 0.023 0.674 1.016 0.017 0.331 1.014 0.019 0.456
RN Hours/LICENSED Hours 1.107 0.325 0.728 0.595 0.205 0.132 1.327 0.407 0.356 1.202 0.366 0.545
New York 0.894 0.055 0.066 0.853 0.068 0.045 0.919 0.055 0.154 0.964 0.063 0.579
Massachusetts 0.865 0.106 0.236 0.912 0.167 0.615 1.052 0.082 0.519 0.917 0.094 0.401
Maryland 0.986 0.081 0.864 0.953 0.097 0.639 0.945 0.069 0.439 1.009 0.105 0.933
Virginia 0.891 0.079 0.191 0.830 0.085 0.070 0.952 0.083 0.574 0.961 0.107 0.721
West Virginia 1.090 0.136 0.489 0.824 0.126 0.204 1.077 0.168 0.633 1.243 0.201 0.178
South Carolina 1.155 0.147 0.260 0.950 0.132 0.712 1.009 0.113 0.936 1.091 0.122 0.434
Wisconsin 1.029 0.085 0.732 1.003 0.115 0.976 0.995 0.080 0.948 1.010 0.083 0.899
Missouri 0.958 0.092 0.658 0.935 0.112 0.575 1.004 0.089 0.968 1.060 0.069 0.369
Arizona 1.050 0.142 0.721 1.067 0.162 0.671 1.132 0.121 0.245 0.889 0.105 0.320
Nevada 1.110 0.104 0.263 1.028 0.184 0.876 1.180 0.190 0.305 1.321 0.202 0.068
Major Teaching Hospital 1.192 0.095 0.028 1.131 0.106 0.190 1.160 0.071 0.015 1.004 0.072 0.953
Other Teaching Hospital 1.045 0.051 0.364 1.055 0.065 0.387 1.019 0.049 0.696 0.976 0.055 0.666
Large Metropolitan 1.202 0.060 0.000 1.030 0.066 0.642 1.045 0.052 0.368 1.115 0.067 0.069
Non-Metropolitan 1.078 0.087 0.349 1.092 0.113 0.398 1.178 0.085 0.023 0.775 0.063 0.002
Less Than 100 Beds 0.932 0.067 0.324 0.914 0.083 0.325 0.870 0.058 0.037 0.852 0.061 0.025
250–499 Beds 1.059 0.055 0.268 1.038 0.061 0.532 1.096 0.052 0.057 1.125 0.063 0.035
500 or More 1.099 0.082 0.204 0.981 0.094 0.843 1.093 0.076 0.198 1.093 0.082 0.238
Number of Obs 796.000 796.000 796.000 796.000
Wald chi2(20) 54.190 13.400 38.040 91.450
Prob>chi2 0.000 0.860 0.009 0.000
Pseudo R2 0.012 0.004 0.009 0.017
11-State Medicare
LICENSED Hours per Patient Day 0.986 0.012 0.247 1.002 0.014 0.883 1.010 0.012 0.417 0.994 0.012 0.630
AIDE Hours per Patient Day 1.005 0.020 0.786 1.006 0.026 0.830 1.000 0.021 0.995 1.019 0.020 0.356
RN Hours/LICENSED Hours 0.859 0.286 0.649 0.420 0.161 0.023 0.929 0.351 0.845 0.892 0.284 0.719
New York 0.856 0.061 0.030 0.885 0.083 0.194 1.022 0.072 0.760 0.988 0.067 0.856
Massachusetts 0.776 0.110 0.073 0.907 0.183 0.628 0.929 0.086 0.428 0.867 0.101 0.221
Maryland 0.959 0.089 0.651 1.022 0.112 0.843 1.037 0.097 0.702 1.045 0.122 0.707
Virginia 0.893 0.081 0.213 0.864 0.099 0.204 0.947 0.101 0.608 0.944 0.101 0.586
West Virginia 1.012 0.142 0.929 0.689 0.117 0.028 0.914 0.216 0.704 1.120 0.195 0.517
South Carolina 1.123 0.158 0.411 1.015 0.146 0.918 0.968 0.150 0.832 1.164 0.145 0.221
Wisconsin 0.991 0.099 0.930 1.006 0.123 0.958 1.069 0.102 0.485 1.017 0.096 0.857
Missouri 0.970 0.103 0.774 0.919 0.113 0.491 0.970 0.100 0.769 1.058 0.075 0.428
Arizona 1.033 0.122 0.782 1.060 0.170 0.716 1.098 0.142 0.471 0.894 0.125 0.426
Nevada 1.058 0.146 0.683 1.148 0.189 0.402 0.912 0.188 0.653 1.074 0.111 0.491
Major Teaching Hospital 1.347 0.140 0.004 1.118 0.132 0.346 1.187 0.097 0.037 1.015 0.087 0.862
Other Teaching Hospital 1.029 0.061 0.631 1.061 0.076 0.408 1.000 0.060 0.997 0.982 0.058 0.754
Large Metropolitan 1.173 0.068 0.006 1.005 0.072 0.945 0.979 0.057 0.710 1.080 0.069 0.230
Non-Metropolitan 1.031 0.094 0.742 1.111 0.125 0.349 1.193 0.108 0.051 0.740 0.065 0.001
Less Than 100 Beds 0.881 0.079 0.155 0.970 0.098 0.766 0.908 0.078 0.260 0.905 0.072 0.212
250–499 Beds 1.013 0.058 0.827 1.066 0.073 0.348 1.090 0.064 0.144 1.149 0.067 0.018
500 or More 0.985 0.087 0.867 0.951 0.106 0.649 1.048 0.092 0.592 1.072 0.088 0.395
Number of Obs 791.000 794.000 794.000 794.000
Wald chi2(20) 37.290 16.350 21.530 62.520
Prob>chi2 0.011 0.695 0.367 0.000
Pseudo R2 0.012 0.006 0.006 0.016
National MedPAR
LICENSED Hours per Patient Day 0.985 0.003 0.000 0.995 0.005 0.313 1.007 0.004 0.120 0.995 0.003 0.108
RN Hours/LICENSED Hours 1.099 0.126 0.410 0.589 0.086 0.000 1.908 0.292 0.000 1.206 0.124 0.068
Alabama 1.055 0.072 0.436 0.942 0.081 0.488 1.138 0.107 0.168 0.995 0.057 0.928
Alaska 1.055 0.387 0.883 0.890 0.330 0.753 0.620 0.144 0.040 1.003 0.090 0.974
Arizona 1.046 0.078 0.544 0.980 0.087 0.819 1.074 0.098 0.435 1.043 0.064 0.495
Arkansas 1.077 0.086 0.351 0.908 0.100 0.382 1.163 0.146 0.230 1.120 0.084 0.130
Colorado 1.022 0.073 0.761 1.011 0.120 0.924 0.998 0.099 0.981 0.993 0.098 0.941
Connecticut 1.039 0.083 0.629 0.992 0.087 0.923 1.000 0.084 0.998 1.037 0.063 0.546
Delaware 0.983 0.050 0.737 0.986 0.192 0.942 0.774 0.197 0.315 1.120 0.156 0.416
District of Columbia 1.033 0.130 0.797 1.151 0.324 0.617 0.936 0.113 0.583 1.021 0.124 0.865
Florida 0.994 0.043 0.884 0.968 0.051 0.530 0.995 0.060 0.929 0.993 0.037 0.855
Georgia 1.013 0.061 0.823 0.971 0.070 0.686 1.022 0.087 0.800 1.036 0.053 0.495
Hawaii 1.078 0.131 0.536 0.992 0.132 0.952 1.006 0.143 0.964 0.992 0.058 0.896
Idaho 1.172 0.136 0.172 1.060 0.188 0.744 1.047 0.129 0.707 1.180 0.158 0.218
Illinois 0.970 0.047 0.528 1.021 0.064 0.745 0.955 0.064 0.493 0.984 0.039 0.685
Indiana 0.995 0.069 0.946 0.985 0.086 0.863 0.898 0.081 0.232 1.016 0.052 0.753
Iowa 1.013 0.068 0.843 1.020 0.116 0.861 0.918 0.099 0.426 1.088 0.077 0.235
Kansas 1.136 0.096 0.130 0.998 0.137 0.988 0.922 0.076 0.323 1.075 0.088 0.380
Kentucky 1.056 0.060 0.344 0.960 0.064 0.543 0.926 0.082 0.385 1.063 0.067 0.335
Louisiana 1.024 0.062 0.696 0.925 0.073 0.323 1.132 0.097 0.147 1.029 0.050 0.550
Maine 1.140 0.119 0.211 0.926 0.150 0.636 1.005 0.132 0.971 1.206 0.132 0.087
Maryland 0.969 0.065 0.634 1.010 0.084 0.905 0.962 0.075 0.622 1.002 0.075 0.981
Massachusetts 0.962 0.064 0.561 1.000 0.090 0.998 0.998 0.079 0.984 0.966 0.063 0.593
Michigan 0.919 0.048 0.111 0.986 0.069 0.841 0.949 0.062 0.421 0.994 0.043 0.892
Minnesota 0.967 0.066 0.625 0.978 0.078 0.777 0.896 0.074 0.182 0.994 0.072 0.931
Mississippi 1.026 0.078 0.736 0.928 0.112 0.535 1.038 0.098 0.690 1.129 0.085 0.107
Missouri 0.983 0.064 0.788 1.025 0.087 0.771 0.964 0.078 0.649 1.062 0.054 0.235
Montana 1.021 0.183 0.906 0.883 0.092 0.234 0.997 0.155 0.984 1.261 0.131 0.026
Nebraska 0.993 0.103 0.945 0.911 0.127 0.506 1.109 0.139 0.408 1.088 0.127 0.468
Nevada 1.013 0.093 0.889 0.957 0.116 0.718 1.005 0.114 0.963 1.042 0.088 0.625
New Hampshire 1.083 0.179 0.628 1.117 0.177 0.483 0.974 0.140 0.855 1.048 0.088 0.580
New Jersey 0.973 0.054 0.615 1.035 0.077 0.645 1.005 0.082 0.946 0.943 0.041 0.176
New Mexico 1.087 0.115 0.430 0.943 0.178 0.754 0.967 0.128 0.799 1.095 0.101 0.326
New York 0.894 0.039 0.010 0.997 0.052 0.949 0.915 0.046 0.077 0.985 0.035 0.679
North Carolina 0.979 0.054 0.698 1.024 0.079 0.760 0.947 0.061 0.396 1.007 0.055 0.896
North Dakota 1.079 0.153 0.589 0.896 0.158 0.536 1.015 0.163 0.927 1.050 0.103 0.622
Ohio 0.978 0.048 0.645 0.998 0.061 0.980 0.931 0.057 0.241 0.992 0.043 0.860
Oklahoma 1.019 0.088 0.828 0.951 0.095 0.611 1.066 0.129 0.598 1.053 0.081 0.498
Oregon 1.064 0.100 0.508 1.015 0.110 0.893 0.978 0.119 0.853 1.072 0.093 0.420
Pennsylvania 0.992 0.044 0.850 0.987 0.059 0.822 0.945 0.057 0.345 0.977 0.037 0.542
Rhode Island 0.843 0.085 0.089 0.987 0.195 0.948 0.941 0.157 0.716 0.947 0.087 0.558
South Carolina 1.035 0.084 0.675 0.976 0.103 0.818 1.034 0.106 0.741 1.072 0.073 0.307
South Dakota 1.106 0.171 0.514 1.017 0.216 0.937 1.071 0.201 0.713 1.148 0.149 0.288
Tennessee 0.997 0.068 0.970 0.997 0.072 0.971 1.086 0.088 0.311 1.056 0.054 0.292
Texas 1.030 0.045 0.488 0.975 0.051 0.625 1.048 0.056 0.387 1.004 0.037 0.915
Utah 1.047 0.087 0.578 0.965 0.136 0.799 0.952 0.131 0.722 0.988 0.102 0.909
Vermont 1.068 0.121 0.562 0.912 0.196 0.668 0.838 0.158 0.348 1.124 0.141 0.349
Virginia 0.994 0.059 0.925 0.983 0.069 0.811 0.967 0.078 0.676 1.003 0.067 0.965
Washington 0.991 0.074 0.903 0.990 0.103 0.927 1.006 0.095 0.953 1.049 0.096 0.604
West Virginia 1.034 0.102 0.732 0.892 0.100 0.308 0.948 0.102 0.620 1.091 0.096 0.325
Wisconsin 1.014 0.071 0.844 1.051 0.089 0.555 0.942 0.073 0.439 0.974 0.054 0.630
Wyoming 1.125 0.301 0.659 1.173 0.293 0.522 1.066 0.387 0.860 1.062 0.135 0.636
Major Teaching Hospital 1.122 0.035 0.000 1.035 0.040 0.373 1.113 0.043 0.006 1.000 0.026 0.992
Other Teaching Hospital 1.036 0.020 0.073 0.990 0.025 0.701 1.036 0.027 0.172 1.031 0.018 0.090
Large Metropolitan 1.093 0.022 0.000 0.985 0.026 0.562 1.008 0.027 0.760 1.030 0.020 0.122
Non-Metropolitan 0.941 0.026 0.028 0.969 0.035 0.394 1.041 0.037 0.255 0.821 0.021 0.000
Less Than 100 Beds 0.961 0.031 0.223 0.964 0.041 0.381 1.060 0.043 0.144 0.925 0.027 0.008
250–499 Beds 0.982 0.019 0.350 0.991 0.025 0.708 1.042 0.027 0.119 1.033 0.018 0.064
500 or More 1.014 0.027 0.601 0.956 0.036 0.225 1.116 0.043 0.004 0.992 0.025 0.751
Number of Obs 3,289.000 3,295.000 3,297.000 3,294.000
Wald chi2(20) 136.040 27.430 85.520 195.710
Prob>chi2 0.000 1.000 0.014 0.000
Pseudo R2 0.008 0.002 0.005 0.012
Metabolic Derangement
11-State All Patient
Robust
IRR Std. Err. P>z
LICENSED Hours per Patient Day 0.979 0.012 0.091
AIDE Hours per Patient Day 1.017 0.020 0.409
RN Hours/LICENSED Hours 0.492 0.162 0.031
New York 0.994 0.067 0.932
Massachusetts 1.141 0.118 0.204
Maryland 0.937 0.085 0.474
Virginia 1.056 0.120 0.631
West Virginia 1.082 0.098 0.384
South Carolina 1.293 0.201 0.099
Wisconsin 1.103 0.095 0.252
Missouri 1.045 0.088 0.604
Arizona 1.114 0.152 0.431
Nevada 1.460 0.161 0.001
Major Teaching Hospital 0.959 0.085 0.639
Other Teaching Hospital 0.979 0.051 0.693
Large Metropolitan 1.192 0.069 0.002
Non-Metropolitan 0.978 0.074 0.766
Less Than 100 Beds 0.992 0.063 0.894
250–499 Beds 1.034 0.060 0.564
500 or More 0.992 0.088 0.925
Number of Obs 797.000
Wald chi2(20) 28.370
Prob>chi2 0.101
Pseudo R2 0.004
11-State Medicare
LICENSED Hours per Patient Day 0.985 0.011 0.160
AIDE Hours per Patient Day 1.007 0.018 0.702
RN Hours/LICENSED Hours 0.538 0.161 0.039
New York 1.068 0.067 0.294
Massachusetts 1.026 0.106 0.802
Maryland 0.922 0.074 0.314
Virginia 1.086 0.112 0.426
West Virginia 1.061 0.092 0.497
South Carolina 1.253 0.181 0.118
Wisconsin 1.095 0.092 0.280
Missouri 1.116 0.090 0.173
Arizona 1.058 0.137 0.661
Nevada 1.271 0.104 0.003
Major Teaching Hospital 1.038 0.083 0.642
Other Teaching Hospital 1.035 0.052 0.492
Large Metropolitan 1.098 0.058 0.079
Non-Metropolitan 0.949 0.068 0.464
Less Than 100 Beds 1.022 0.063 0.724
250–499 Beds 1.023 0.055 0.671
500 or More 0.899 0.069 0.167
Number of Obs 790.000
Wald chi2(20) 24.650
Prob>chi2 0.215
Pseudo R2 0.004
National MedPAR
LICENSED Hours per Patient Day 0.994 0.004 0.134
RN Hours/LICENSED Hours 1.045 0.122 0.706
Alabama 1.022 0.071 0.757
Alaska 0.947 0.171 0.761
Arizona 0.948 0.060 0.396
Arkansas 1.021 0.081 0.791
Colorado 0.989 0.074 0.885
Connecticut 1.108 0.098 0.247
Delaware 1.040 0.110 0.711
District of Columbia 1.031 0.163 0.849
Florida 1.037 0.047 0.425
Georgia 1.043 0.056 0.428
Hawaii 1.024 0.160 0.879
Idaho 1.110 0.186 0.535
Illinois 1.004 0.049 0.933
Indiana 1.009 0.064 0.884
Iowa 0.886 0.076 0.158
Kansas 1.084 0.079 0.265
Kentucky 1.031 0.072 0.659
Louisiana 1.058 0.062 0.335
Maine 1.031 0.119 0.795
Maryland 0.931 0.060 0.267
Massachusetts 0.992 0.063 0.894
Michigan 1.010 0.066 0.880
Minnesota 0.990 0.100 0.921
Mississippi 1.138 0.100 0.142
Missouri 1.024 0.065 0.707
Montana 0.945 0.115 0.641
Nebraska 0.978 0.110 0.843
Nevada 1.088 0.080 0.248
New Hampshire 0.908 0.129 0.497
New Jersey 1.009 0.062 0.882
New Mexico 1.086 0.103 0.379
New York 0.946 0.040 0.192
North Carolina 1.000 0.073 0.998
North Dakota 1.019 0.148 0.896
Ohio 1.001 0.054 0.990
Oklahoma 1.009 0.072 0.902
Oregon 1.116 0.119 0.306
Pennsylvania 0.953 0.050 0.365
Rhode Island 1.109 0.163 0.481
South Carolina 1.063 0.098 0.508
South Dakota 0.972 0.148 0.853
Tennessee 0.988 0.055 0.824
Texas 1.023 0.043 0.592
Utah 0.945 0.090 0.556
Vermont 0.935 0.201 0.756
Virginia 0.958 0.062 0.510
Washington 0.992 0.055 0.887
West Virginia 1.039 0.087 0.647
Wisconsin 0.984 0.064 0.799
Wyoming 1.011 0.201 0.958
Major Teaching Hospital 1.057 0.035 0.097
Other Teaching Hospital 0.998 0.021 0.937
Large Metropolitan 1.074 0.023 0.001
Non-Metropolitan 1.017 0.028 0.537
Less Than 100 Beds 1.035 0.027 0.193
250–499 Beds 0.958 0.020 0.040
500 or More 0.916 0.030 0.007
Number of Obs 3,283.000
Wald chi2(20) 50.480
Prob>chi2 0.778
Pseudo R2 0.002
Length of Stay
11-State All Patient
Robust
Coef. Std. Err. P>t
LICENSED Hours per Patient Day −0.015 0.015 0.312
AIDE Hours per Patient Day 0.017 0.023 0.461
RN Hours/LICENSED Hours −0.553 0.435 0.204
New York 0.022 0.072 0.758
Massachusetts −0.086 0.064 0.182
Maryland −0.008 0.079 0.924
Virginia 0.075 0.098 0.441
West Virginia −0.691 0.599 0.249
South Carolina 0.042 0.080 0.601
Wisconsin 0.178 0.070 0.011
Missouri 0.040 0.094 0.674
Arizona 0.088 0.112 0.434
Nevada 0.416 0.138 0.003
Major Teaching Hospital 0.293 0.079 0.000
Other Teaching Hospital −0.019 0.053 0.723
Large Metropolitan 0.152 0.067 0.024
Non-Metropolitan 0.022 0.085 0.796
Less Than 100 Beds −0.136 0.080 0.087
250–499 Beds 0.131 0.064 0.040
500 or More 0.046 0.083 0.577
e2losmaj 1.008 0.052 0.000
Constant 0.353 0.384 0.358
Number of obs 796.000
F(21, 775) 85.660
Prob>F 0.000
R-squared 0.646
Root MSE 0.809
11-State Medicare
LICENSED Hours per Patient Day −0.010 0.030 0.733
AIDE Hours per Patient Day −0.019 0.039 0.625
RN Hours/LICENSED Hours −0.785 0.565 0.165
New York −0.141 0.383 0.712
Massachusetts −0.443 0.173 0.010
Maryland −0.187 0.124 0.133
Virginia −0.123 0.198 0.536
West Virginia −1.487 0.861 0.085
South Carolina −0.245 0.218 0.262
Wisconsin 0.012 0.137 0.928
Missouri 0.062 0.189 0.742
Arizona 0.039 0.197 0.844
Nevada −0.082 0.407 0.840
Major Teaching Hospital 0.632 0.252 0.012
Other Teaching Hospital 0.091 0.093 0.332
Large Metropolitan 0.154 0.082 0.061
Non-Metropolitan 0.035 0.105 0.740
Less Than 100 Beds −0.296 0.092 0.001
250–499 Beds 0.100 0.115 0.381
500 or More −0.190 0.186 0.308
e2losmaj 1.118 0.220 0.000
Constant 0.215 1.381 0.876
Number of Obs 793.000
F (21, 775) 39.440
Prob>F 0.000
R-squared 0.630
Root MSE 1.072
National MedPAR
LICENSED Hours per Patient Day −0.033 0.016 0.042
RN Hours/LICENSED Hours −0.063 0.313 0.839
Alabama −0.109 0.173 0.530
Alaska −0.262 0.850 0.758
Arizona −0.167 0.135 0.214
Arkansas 0.042 0.233 0.856
Colorado −0.252 0.163 0.122
Connecticut 0.110 0.223 0.621
Delaware −0.731 0.203 0.000
District of Columbia 0.477 1.059 0.653
Florida −0.368 0.120 0.002
Georgia −0.137 0.176 0.434
Hawaii −0.643 0.951 0.499
Idaho 0.131 0.239 0.585
Illinois −0.226 0.140 0.106
Indiana −0.038 0.128 0.765
Iowa −0.005 0.163 0.973
Kansas 0.363 0.215 0.092
Kentucky −0.162 0.220 0.461
Louisiana −0.165 0.205 0.420
Maine 0.329 0.191 0.084
Maryland −0.294 0.148 0.047
Massachusetts −0.206 0.160 0.197
Michigan −0.383 0.141 0.007
Minnesota −0.081 0.149 0.585
Mississippi −0.394 0.263 0.134
Missouri 0.183 0.226 0.417
Montana 0.412 0.219 0.060
Nebraska 0.083 0.232 0.721
Nevada −0.321 0.206 0.119
New Hampshire 0.528 0.323 0.102
New Jersey 0.295 0.375 0.432
New Mexico −0.238 0.343 0.488
New York −0.459 0.326 0.159
North Carolina −0.403 0.173 0.020
North Dakota −0.958 0.670 0.153
Ohio −0.133 0.145 0.358
Oklahoma 0.078 0.214 0.715
Oregon 0.139 0.142 0.325
Pennsylvania −0.165 0.150 0.272
Rhode Island −0.685 0.235 0.004
South Carolina −0.562 0.236 0.017
South Dakota 0.335 0.232 0.150
Tennessee −0.475 0.186 0.011
Texas −0.196 0.129 0.130
Utah −0.174 0.177 0.325
Vermont 0.031 0.352 0.931
Virginia −0.093 0.188 0.622
Washington −0.013 0.141 0.928
West Virginia −0.209 0.247 0.396
Wisconsin 0.118 0.137 0.388
Wyoming 0.262 0.389 0.501
Major Teaching Hospital 0.582 0.162 0.000
Other Teaching Hospital 0.042 0.062 0.494
Large Metropolitan 0.106 0.068 0.116
Non-Metropolitan −0.141 0.067 0.036
Less Than 100 Beds −0.477 0.065 0.000
250–499 Beds 0.315 0.075 0.000
500 or More 0.266 0.127 0.037
e2losmaj 1.037 0.058 0.000
Constant 0.066 0.575 0.908
Number of Obs 3,296.000
F(21, 775) 68.380
Prob>F 0.000
R-squared 0.708
Root MSE 1.467