. 2003 Dec;38(6 Pt 1):1599–1624. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-6773.2003.00195.x

Table 3.

Estimates (and Standard Errors) for the Fixed Effects of the Hierarchical Models^a,^b,^c

	Monthly Outpatient Use Rates	Monthly Outpatient Charges	Monthly Inpatient Use Rates	Monthly Emergency Dept Use Rates	Had Specialty Consultation (Y/N)
Intercept	−0.75 (0.18)^†	3.98 (0.34)^‡	−3.77 (0.67)^†	−3.93 (0.62)^‡	−2.74 (0.69)^†
MCO-Level Main Effects:
Pediatrician Focused (PF) Index	−0.13 (0.04)^‡	−0.10 (0.05)^*	−0.69 (0.16)^‡
Specialist Focused (SF) Index	0.04 (0.02)	0.03 (0.05)		0.23 (0.10)^†	−0.22 (0.13)^*
Fee-for-Service (FFS) Index	0.44 (0.21)^†	0.76 (0.34)^†	−0.78 (0.54)	0.72 (0.57)	−0.33 (0.38)
Child-Level Main Effects:
QuICCC Results 1 conditions	−0.71 (0.07)^‡	−0.68 (0.08)^‡	−1.65 (0.36)^‡	−0.53 (0.13)^‡	−0.88 (0.22)^‡
QuICCC Results 2 conditions	−0.29 (0.05)^‡	−0.32 (0.07)^‡	−0.87 (0.24)^‡	−0.19 (0.10)^†	−0.46 (0.19)^†
Male	0.23 (0.05)^‡	0.25 (0.06)^‡	−0.47 (0.31)	0.17 (0.10)^*	0.42 (0.13)^‡
Age	0.02 (0.01)^‡	0.03 (0.01)^‡	0.05 (0.03)^*	0.07 (0.03)^†	0.05 (0.03)
White Race	0.44 (0.09)^‡	0.48 (0.14)^‡	0.02 (0.42)		0.19 (0.37)
Mixed Race	0.50 (0.11)^‡	0.63 (0.18)^‡	−0.46 (0.59)		0.59 (0.50)
Federal Poverty Level (FPL) >150%	0.34 (0.11)^‡	0.39 (0.13)^‡			0.45 (0.22)^†
Months of Enrollment		−0.07 (0.01)^‡		−0.05 (0.03)^*	0.10 (0.03)^‡
Hispanic				0.53 (0.22)^†
Interaction Effects:
PF*QuICCC Results 1 conditions		0.06 (0.03)^†
PF*QuICCC Results 2 conditions		0.02 (0.02)
PF*Male			0.21 (0.08)^‡
PF*White Race	0.04 (0.03)^†		0.55 (0.14)^‡
PF*Mixed Race	−0.01 (0.04)		0.56 (0.20)^‡
SF*Age				−0.01 (0.01)^†	0.02 (0.01)^†
SF*White Race				0.15 (0.09)^*
SF*Mixed Race				−0.07 (0.12)
SF*FPL>150%	−0.05 (0.02)^†	−0.04 (0.02)^*			−0.16 (0.05)^‡
SF*Hispanic			−0.15 (0.05)^‡
FFS*QuICCC Results 1 conditions				0.74 (0.35)^†
FFS*QuICCC Results 2 conditions				0.29 (0.35)^*
FFS*Male			1.11 (0.49)^†
FFS*Age	−0.04 (0.01)^‡	−0.04 (0.02)^†		−0.05 (0.03)^*
FFS*White Race		−0.18 (0.19)
FFS*Mixed Race		−0.61 (0.26)^†
FFS*FPL>150%	−0.31 (0.12)^‡	−0.51 (0.14)^‡

The effects for the charges and all use rates were presented in log scale, and in logit scale for the specialty consultation.

Blank cells indicate that the factor was not statisitcally significant and was not involved in any significant two-way interactions with other main effects, at the 0.1 level.

P-values:

^†

p<0.05;

^‡

p<0.01;

p<0.1. However, it should be cautious interpreting those “nonsignificant” main effects. They were not significant when other factors were at reference levels, but they were involved in some significant interactions, that is their effects depend on the levels of other factors