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. 2026 Sep 13;14(5):567. doi: 10.3390/medsci14050567
2D two-dimensional
4D-flow MRI four-dimensional flow magnetic resonance imaging
ADMA asymmetric dimethylarginine
AP antero-posterior cusp fusion phenotype
AR aortic valve regurgitation
AS aortic valve stenosis
AVR aortic valve replacement
BAVD bicuspid aortic valve disease
BMP bone morphogenic pathway
CD color Doppler
CMR cardiovascular magnetic resonance
CT computed tomography
CTA computed tomography angiography
CW continuous wave Doppler
FGF fibroblast growth factor
LL latero-lateral cusp fusion phenotype
LN left-non coronary cusp fusion phenotype
LVEDV left ventricular end-diastolic volume
LVESV left ventricular end-systolic volume
MLR monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio
MMP matrix metalloproteinase
MRI magnetic resonance imaging
PIV pan-immune-inflammation value
PW blood tissue pulse wave Doppler
RL right-left cusp fusion phenotype
RN right-non-coronary cusp fusion phenotype
SIRI Systemic Inflammatory Response Index
sRAGE soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products
TAV tricuspid aortic valve
TAVI transcatheter aortic valve implantation
TGF-β transforming growth factor-β
TIMP tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase
TTE transthoracic echocardiography
Wnt wingless-related MMTV integration sites
WSS wall shear stress