Table 2.
Sample Composition and Descriptive Statistics for PDR†
| Independent Variable | N=3,131 | 10 (%) n=1,522 | 8–9 (%) n=1,264 | 0–7 (%) n=345 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Predisposing | ||||
| Age category | ||||
| 65–70** | 1,241 | 45.3 | 42.6 | 12.0 |
| 71–75 | 834 | 50.0 | 39.0 | 10.9 |
| 76–80 | 592 | 50.8 | 39.5 | 9.6 |
| 81 and older | 464 | 51.9 | 37.7 | 10.3 |
| Acculturation index mean (0–100)**** | 3,131 | 84.4 | 89.4 | 87.9 |
| Married* | 1,669 | 46.2 | 43.8 | 9.9 |
| Single | 1,462 | 51.3 | 36.3 | 12.2 |
| Male**** | 919 | 39.0 | 48.8 | 12.0 |
| Female | 2,212 | 52.5 | 36.8 | 10.5 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||
| Hispanic*** | 281 | 70.1 | 20.6 | 9.2 |
| Non-Hispanic white*** | 2,721 | 45.9 | 42.6 | 11.4 |
| Other race/ethnicity | 129 | 58.4 | 35.6 | 6.2 |
| Less than high school**** | 727 | 61.0 | 30.1 | 8.8 |
| High school or more | 2,404 | 44.8 | 43.4 | 11.6 |
| Medical skepticism | ||||
| Can overcome illness** | 1,007 | 47.9 | 40.2 | 11.8 |
| Cannot overcome illness | 2,124 | 48.9 | 40.4 | 10.6 |
| Home remedies are better* | 1,071 | 46.9 | 40.4 | 12.6 |
| Home remedies are not better | 2,060 | 49.4 | 40.3 | 10.1 |
| Own behavior determines health** | 2,111 | 49.8 | 39.8 | 10.2 |
| Own behavior does not determine health | 1,020 | 46.0 | 41.3 | 12.5 |
| Understand own health better**** | 1,644 | 45.9 | 41.2 | 12.7 |
| Does not understand own health better | 1,487 | 51.5 | 39.4 | 9.0 |
| Enabling | ||||
| Employed | 457 | 45.0 | 45.0 | 9.8 |
| Not employed | 2,674 | 49.2 | 39.5 | 11.2 |
| Household Income | ||||
| $10,000 or less/year | 464 | 61.2 | 29.7 | 9.0 |
| $10,001–20,000/year**** | 638 | 47.8 | 39.8 | 12.3 |
| $20,001–30,000/year**** | 516 | 45.3 | 44.1 | 10.4 |
| Greater than $30,000/year**** | 917 | 40.6 | 47.1 | 12.2 |
| Did not report income** | 596 | 54.7 | 35.5 | 9.7 |
| Insurance Status | ||||
| Uninsured | 84 | 65.4 | 28.5 | 5.9 |
| Medicare | 323 | 60.0 | 31.2 | 8.6 |
| Medicare plus other**** | 1,517 | 43.5 | 43.1 | 13.2 |
| Medicaid** | 914 | 51.2 | 40.2 | 8.5 |
| Other private or government*** | 293 | 49.1 | 39.5 | 11.2 |
| Residence | ||||
| Urban | 1,743 | 49.3 | 39.5 | 11.1 |
| Frontier | 324 | 44.7 | 44.4 | 10.8 |
| Rural, nonfrontier | 1,064 | 48.5 | 40.5 | 10.9 |
| Mexican border county | 475 | 51.5 | 38.7 | 9.6 |
| Nonborder county | 2,656 | 48.1 | 40.7 | 11.3 |
| Need | ||||
| Hypertension (Yes) | 1,757 | 48.7 | 39.3 | 11.9 |
| (No) | 1,374 | 48.4 | 41.7 | 9.8 |
| Lung disease (Yes) | 601 | 48.9 | 39.4 | 11.6 |
| (No) | 2,530 | 48.5 | 40.5 | 10.8 |
| Arthritis (Yes) | 2,030 | 49.2 | 39.3 | 11.4 |
| (No) | 1,101 | 47.5 | 42.3 | 10.1 |
| Stroke (Yes)** | 232 | 55.6 | 35.3 | 9.0 |
| (No) | 2,899 | 48.0 | 40.7 | 11.1 |
| Myocardial infarction (Yes)** | 379 | 54.0 | 37.2 | 8.7 |
| (No) | 2,752 | 47.8 | 40.8 | 11.3 |
| Diabetes (Yes)*** | 495 | 54.3 | 37.1 | 8.4 |
| (No) | 2,636 | 47.5 | 40.9 | 11.4 |
| Coronary heart disease (Yes)* | 644 | 51.7 | 37.8 | 10.4 |
| (No) | 2,487 | 47.8 | 41.0 | 11.1 |
| SF-12 PCS (mean) | 3,131 | 41.0 | 41.3 | 40.1 |
| SF-12 MCS (mean) | 3,131 | 54.9 | 55.6 | 53.6 |
| Number of physician visits | ||||
| 0–1 | 1,150 | 48.3 | 40.7 | 11.0 |
| 2–4 | 1,349 | 49.2 | 39.8 | 10.9 |
| 5 or more | 632 | 47.9 | 40.9 | 11.0 |
| Worry about health (Yes)**** | 1,283 | 43.5 | 42.9 | 13.4 |
| (No) | 1,848 | 52.1 | 38.5 | 9.3 |
†
Statistical tests are based upon univariate ordered logit regression analyses.
*
.10 significance level;
**
.05 significance level;
***
.01 significance level;
****
.001 significance level.