Table 2.

Estimation Results Measuring Quality of Care with the Mortality Ratio^a

Variable	OLS	Within-Group	Dynamic Panel Model
Mortality Ratiot−1			0.196***
			(0.038)
RN FTEs per 1,000 IPD	−0.023	−0.026	−0.087***
	(0.017)	(0.017)	(0.026)
RN FTEs per 1,000 IPD2	−0.006*	0.002	0.009**
	(0.003)	(0.002)	(0.003)
LPN FTEs per 1,000 IPD	−0.071	0.003	0.019
	(0.039)	(0.044)	(0.063)
LPN FTEs per 1,000 IPD2	0.014	0.046**	0.012
	(0.016)	(0.017)	(0.022)
Nonnurse FTEs per 1,000 IPD	−0.008	−0.004	−0.006
	(0.006)	(0.006)	(0.009)
Nonnurse FTEs per 1,000 IPD2	−6.1E-5	2.3E-4	4.9E-5
	(2.0E-4)	(1.8E-4)	(2.8E-4)
RN FTEs × LPN FTEs	0.016	−0.003	0.005
	(0.009)	(0.009)	(0.011)
RN FTEs × Nonnurse FTEs	0.003*	8.3E-5	−2.4E-4
	(0.001)	(0.001)	(0.002)
LPN FTEs × Nonnurse FTEs	−0.003	−0.007*	−0.005
	(0.003)	(0.003)	(0.005)
Operating margin	−0.001*	4.3E-4	3.5E-4
	(3.5E-4)	(3.6E-4)	(0.001)
Case-mix index	−0.121***	−0.202***	−0.032
	(0.028)	(0.051)	(0.093)
Saidin index	0.010***	−0.007	−0.009
	(0.003)	(0.004)	(0.007)
System	0.021**	0.005	−0.001
	(0.008)	(0.011)	(0.016)
Public	−0.054***	−0.016	0.232
	(0.012)	(0.068)	(0.145)
Profit	−0.120***	−0.009	0.061
	(0.012)	(0.039)	(0.084)
Payer mix	5.5E-4	3.9E-5	−0.001
	(2.8E-4)	(0.001)	(0.001)
Beds	1.6E-4***	−2.7E-4**	1.0E-4
	(2.6E-5)	(9.7E-5)	(2.2E-4)
Hospital use	5.6E-6	−1.6E-6	−1.6E-5
	(1.5E-5)	(5.6E-5)	(7.2E-5)
Herfindahl index	7.3E-4	0.001	4.1E-4
	(4.1E-4)	(0.003)	(0.004)
Number of HMOs	−0.002	−0.012***	−0.011***
	(0.001)	(0.002)	(0.003)
HMO penetration	0.004***	3.2E-4	−0.001
	(0.001)	(0.001)	(0.001)
HMOs × HMO penetration	−2.3E-4***	3.9E-5	9.3E-5
	(5.6E-5)	(8.7E-5)	(1.1E-4)
Dummy variables for years	X	X	X
Number of observations	2,176	2,176	1,437
	R2=0.416	R2=0.570

^aStandard errors (in parentheses) beneath the coefficients.

^*Significant at the .05 level;

^**significant at the .01 level;

^***significant at the .001 level.