13C NMR	Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
1D	One-Dimensional
1H NMR	Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
2D	Two-Dimensional
2-DG	2-Deoxy-D-glucose
2-DG-6-phosphate	2-Deoxy-D-glucose 6-phosphate
3T3-L1	3T3-L1 mouse preadipocyte cell line (established cell-line name; not a conventional acronym)
A	Absorbance
ABTS	2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)
ABTS•+/ABTS+·	ABTS radical cation
ANOVA	Analysis of Variance
BSA	Bovine Serum Albumin
CC BY	Creative Commons Attribution
CE	Catechin Equivalents
COSY	Correlation Spectroscopy
CUPRAC	Cupric Ion Reducing Antioxidant Capacity
DI	Deionized
DMSO	Dimethyl Sulfoxide
DNS	3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid
DPPH	2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl
Fr.	Fraction
FRAP	Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power
GAE	Gallic Acid Equivalents
GLUT4	Glucose Transporter Type 4
HMBC	Heteronuclear Multiple-Bond Correlation
HMQC	Heteronuclear Multiple-Quantum Coherence
HPLC-DAD	High-Performance Liquid Chromatography–Diode Array Detection
HSQC	Heteronuclear Single-Quantum Coherence
HUEF	Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Herbarium
IC50	Half-Maximal Inhibitory Concentration
KRPH	Krebs–Ringer phosphate buffer (as defined in the manuscript)
LC-MS/MS	Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry
MeOH	Methanol
MS	Mass Spectrometry
NBT	Nitroblue Tetrazolium
NMR	Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
NO	Nitric Oxide
O2•−	Superoxide anion radical
PBS	Phosphate-Buffered Saline
PE	Polygonum equisetiforme
PEC-2	Mixture isolated from Fraction C
PEC-2a	(-)-Epicatechin-3-acetate
PEC-2b	Liquiritin
PED	P. equisetiforme Fraction D-derived isolate-code prefix
PED-1	(Catechin-containing fraction
PEE	P. equisetiforme Fraction E-derived isolate-code prefix
PEE-1	(+)-Catechin
PEE-2	Tamarixetin
PEE-3	Quercetin
PEE-4	Mixture isolated from Fraction E
PEE-4a	Quercetin-3-O-glucoside (isoquercitrin)
PEE-4b	Quercetin-3-O-galactoside (hyperoside)
PE-H2O	Defatted aqueous extract of Polygonum equisetiforme
PE-MeOH	Polygonum equisetiforme methanolic extract
pNPG	p-Nitrophenyl-α-D-glucopyranoside
QE	Quercetin Equivalents
SD	Standard Deviation
SO	Superoxide anion radical (non-standard abbreviation in the manuscript)
TE	Trolox Equivalents
TEAC	Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity
TFC	Total Flavonoid Content
TLC	Thin-Layer Chromatography
TPC	Total Phenolic Content
TPTZ	2,4,6-Tris(2-pyridyl)-s-triazine
WHO	World Health Organization