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. 2026 Sep 4;19(9):1400. doi: 10.3390/ph19091400
AKT Protein kinase B
Bax Bcl-2–associated X protein
BCL-2 B-cell lymphoma 2
CA19-9 Carbohydrate antigen 19-9
CA125 Carbohydrate antigen 125
CAT Catalase
CEA Carcinoembryonic antigen
COX-2 Cyclooxygenase-2
CRC Colorectal cancer
Cyt-c Cytochrome c
DAB 3,3′-Diaminobenzidine
DMH 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine
DL Drug loading
DLS Dynamic light scattering
DTNB 5,5′-Dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid)
EE Encapsulation efficiency
ELISA Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
FTIR Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
GSH Reduced glutathione
HMG-CoA 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A
HMGCR HMG-CoA reductase
HO-1 Heme oxygenase-1
HR-TEM High-resolution transmission electron microscopy
IHC Immunohistochemistry/immunohistochemical
IL-1β Interleukin-1 beta
IL-6 Interleukin-6
LC3 Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3
LC3-II Lipidated form of LC3 (LC3-phosphatidylethanolamine conjugate)
MDA Malondialdehyde
MOR Morin
MOR-Lips Morin-loaded liposomes
MPO Myeloperoxidase
NF-κB Nuclear factor kappa B
NO Nitric oxide
NRF2 Nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2
PBS Phosphate-buffered saline
PCNA Proliferating cell nuclear antigen
PDI Polydispersity index
PGE2 Prostaglandin E2
p-AKT Phosphorylated AKT
p62 Sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1)
qPCR/RT-qPCR Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction
ROS Reactive oxygen species
RNS Reactive nitrogen species
SEM Standard error of the mean
SOD Superoxide dismutase
TBARS Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances
TEM Transmission electron microscopy
TLR4 Toll-like receptor 4
TNF-α Tumor necrosis factor-α
p53 Tumor protein p53
8-OHdG 8-Hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine