Table 1.

Types of Expenditure and Sources of Data

Type of Expenditure	Source*
Facility services (excluding nursing home)**
Age<65	BCBSM
Age≥65	BCBSM, MCBS
Nursing home care**
Age<65	MEPS and Michigan nursing home data on age-sex distribution
Age≥65	MEPS
Professional services
Age<65	BCBSM
Age≥65	BCBSM, MCBS
Drug, dental, vision and hearing services	BCBSM for members with coverage (Same values assumed for members without coverage)
Out-of-pocket	BCBSM (co-pay and deductible)

^*BCBSM = Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan; MCBS = Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey; MEPS = Medical Expenditure Panel Survey.

^**To differentiate decedents' and survivors' expenditures for facility services, we matched data from the BCBSM claims database and the Michigan Mortality Database for persons<65 years old. For persons ≥ 65, we used the decedent/survivor ratios from Lubitz and Riley (1993).