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. 2026 Sep 10;19(9):1437. doi: 10.3390/ph19091437
ADRB1 β1-adrenergic receptor
ANP Atrial natriuretic peptide
Bax Bcl-2-associated X protein
Bcl-2 B-cell lymphoma 2
BNP B-type natriuretic peptide
CASP8 Caspase-8
c-Jun Jun proto-oncogene
CTR Control group
c-Fos Fos proto-oncogene
c-Myc MYC proto-oncogene
CH Cardiac hypertrophy
DNPH 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine
DTNB 5,5′-Dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid)
Gata4 Gata-binding protein 4
GAPDH Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
GPCR G protein-coupled receptor
GSH Glutathione
sFB Synthetic fructoborate
H&E Hematoxylin and eosin
IPA Ingenuity Pathway Analysis
LV Left ventricle
LVH Left ventricular hypertrophy
LVWT Left ventricular wall thickness
MMP-13 Matrix metalloproteinase-13
mRNA Messenger RNA
NaOH Sodium hydroxide
Nkx2.5 NK2 homeobox 5
p38 MAPK p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase
p53 Tumor protein p53
TNF-α Tumor necrosis factor alpha
TUNEL Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling
qPCR Quantitative polymerase chain reaction
WGA Wheat germ agglutinin