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. 2026 Sep 13;15(18):2811. doi: 10.3390/plants15182811
GPC Grain protein content
UAV Unmanned aerial vehicle
VIs Vegetation indices
TIs Texture indices
SPAD Soil–Plant Analysis Development
RMSE Root mean square error
LAI Leaf area index
PLSR Partial least squares regression
RVI Ratio vegetation index
NDRE Normalized difference red-edge index
NPCI Normalized pigments chlorophyll ratio index
NRI Nitrogen reflectance index
CIred-edge Red chlorophyll edge index
GNDVI Green normalized difference vegetation index
OSAVI Optimized soil-adjusted vegetation index
DTI Difference texture index
NDTI Normalized difference texture index
RTI Ratio texture index