ABTS	2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)
ACC	Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
AKT/Akt	Protein kinase B
AKT1	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1
ALT	Alanine aminotransferase
AMPK	AMP-activated protein kinase
AP-1	Activator protein 1
AST	Aspartate aminotransferase
Bcl-2	B-cell lymphoma 2
BDMC	Bisdemethoxycurcumin
BHA	Butylated hydroxyanisole
BHT	Butylated hydroxytoluene
CAS	Chemical Abstracts Service
CCL7	C-C motif chemokine ligand 7
CCR2	C-C chemokine receptor type 2
CD	Cluster of differentiation
cFLIP	Cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein
cGAS	Cyclic GMP–AMP synthase
CK	Creatine kinase
CMPK2	Cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 2
COX	Cyclooxygenase
CPT-1	Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1
CRP	C-reactive protein
CRYAB	Alpha B-crystallin
CUPRAC	Cupric Ion Reducing Antioxidant Capacity
CXCR4	C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4
DENV-2	Dengue virus serotype 2
DESI-MSI	Desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging
DPP-4	Dipeptidyl peptidase-4
DPPH	2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl
DR4	Death receptor 4
DR5	Death receptor 5
EC50	Half-maximal effective concentration
EGFR	Epidermal growth factor receptor
EMT	Epithelial–mesenchymal transition
ENPP2	Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 2
EPS	Extracellular polymeric substances
ER	Endoplasmic reticulum
ERK	Extracellular signal-regulated kinase
FAK	Focal adhesion kinase
FAS	Fatty acid synthase
FATP	Fatty acid transport protein
FICI	Fractional inhibitory concentration index
FRAP	Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power
GAE	Gallic acid equivalents
GATA3	GATA-binding protein 3
GBF1	Golgi brefeldin A-resistant guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1
GLUT2	Glucose transporter 2
GLUT4	Glucose transporter 4
GSK3β	Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta
HBV	Hepatitis B virus
HBsAg	Hepatitis B surface antigen
HbA1c	Glycated hemoglobin
HCV	Hepatitis C virus
HIF-1α	Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha
HIV-1	Human immunodeficiency virus type 1
HO-1	Heme oxygenase-1
HOMA-IR	Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance
HOSC	Hydroxyl Radical-Scavenging Capacity
hs-CRP	High-sensitivity C-reactive protein
IC50	Half-maximal inhibitory concentration
ICAM-1	Intercellular adhesion molecule 1
IgE	Immunoglobulin E
IL	Interleukin
IP-10	Interferon gamma-induced protein 10
JAK	Janus kinase
JEV	Japanese encephalitis virus
JNK	c-Jun N-terminal kinase
KOOS	Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score
LDH-A	Lactate dehydrogenase A
MAPK	Mitogen-activated protein kinase
MBC	Minimum bactericidal concentration
MBIC	Minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration
MCP-1	Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1
MDR	Multidrug-resistant
MHC	Major histocompatibility complex
MIC	Minimum inhibitory concentration
MIP-1α	Macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha
MMP	Matrix metalloproteinase
MRSA	Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
MSSA	Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus
mTOR	Mechanistic target of rapamycin
MyD88	Myeloid differentiation primary response 88
NAFLD	Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
NASH	Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
NF-κB	Nuclear factor kappa B
NLRP3	NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3
NOD2	Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2
NPC1L1	Niemann–Pick C1-like 1
Nrf2	Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2
NS1	Nonstructural protein 1
NTCP	Sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide
ORAC	Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity
PAK1	p21-activated kinase 1
PBP2a	Penicillin-binding protein 2a
PDE-4B	Phosphodiesterase 4B
PDGFRβ	Platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta
PGE2	Prostaglandin E2
PI3K	Phosphoinositide 3-kinase
PI4KB	Phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase beta
PKCα	Protein kinase C alpha
PLGA	Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)
PPAR-α	Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha
PPAR-γ	Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
PTP1B	Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B
RDSC	DPPH Radical-Scavenging Capacity
RIG-I	Retinoic acid-inducible gene I
RORγt	Retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor gamma t
ROS	Reactive oxygen species
RT-qPCR	Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction
SARS-CoV-2	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
SDG	Sustainable Development Goal
SI	Selectivity index
SIRT1	Sirtuin 1
SOD	Superoxide dismutase
SREBP	Sterol regulatory element-binding protein
STAT	Signal transducer and activator of transcription
α-SMA	Alpha-smooth muscle actin
TCM	Traditional Chinese Medicine
Th	T helper
TIMP-1	Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1
TLR	Toll-like receptor
TNF-α	Tumor necrosis factor alpha
TPC	Total phenolic content
TP53	Tumor protein p53
UPLC-MS	Ultra-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry
UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS	Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–Q-Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry
VAS	Visual Analog Scale
VCAM-1	Vascular cell adhesion molecule 1
VEGF	Vascular endothelial growth factor
VEGFR2	Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2
WOMAC	Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index
XIAP	X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein
YFV	Yellow fever virus
ZIKV	Zika virus