AMPK	AMP-activated protein kinase
AOS	Alginate oligosaccharides
AUL	Alginate utilization loci
BAT	Brown adipose tissue
C/EBPα	CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha
CAT	Catalase
COS	Chitosan oligosaccharides
CYP7A1	Cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase
DP	Degree of polymerization
DSS	Dextran sulfate sodium
ERK1/2	Extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2
FFAR2/3	Free fatty acid receptors 2 and 3
FGF15	Fibroblast growth factor 15
FMT	Fecal microbiota transplantation
FOS	Fructo-oligosaccharides
FOSHU	Food for Specified Health Uses
FXR	Farnesoid X receptor
GOS	Galacto-oligosaccharides
GPR41/43	G protein-coupled receptors 41 and 43
GRAS	Generally Recognized as Safe
HDAC	Histone deacetylase
HMGCR	HMG-CoA reductase
IL-10	Interleukin-10
IL-1β	Interleukin-1 beta
IL-22	Interleukin-22
IL-6	Interleukin-6
LDL	Low-density lipoprotein
LDL-C	Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
LDLR	Low-density lipoprotein receptor
LPS	Lipopolysaccharide
MAOS	Mannuronate oligosaccharides
MAPK	Mitogen-activated protein kinase
MASLD	Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease
MDA	Malondialdehyde
MOS	Manno-oligosaccharides
MRC1	Mannose receptor C-type 1 (CD206)
MyD88	Myeloid differentiation primary response 88
NAFLD	Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
NF-κB	Nuclear factor kappa B
NHC	National Health Commission
NLRP3	NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3
NMPA	National Medical Products Administration
Nrf2	Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2
OM2	Oligomannuronate-chromium(III) complex
PCSK9	Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9
PGC-1α	Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha
PPARγ	Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
PSS	Propylene glycol alginate sodium sulfate
PUL	Polysaccharide utilization loci
ROS	Reactive oxygen species
SAOS	Saturated alginate oligosaccharides
SCFA	Short-chain fatty acid
SOD	Superoxide dismutase
SREBP-1	Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1
TLR4	Toll-like receptor 4
TNF-α	Tumor necrosis factor alpha
UAOS	Unsaturated alginate oligosaccharides
UCP1	Uncoupling protein 1
XOS	Xylo-oligosaccharides
ZO-1	Zonula occludens-1