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. 2026 Sep 20;18(18):3086. doi: 10.3390/nu18183086
ICI Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor
pCLE Probe-based Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy
IBD Inflammatory Bowel Disease
GI gastrointestinal
irAE immune-related adverse event
SCFA short-chain fatty acid
PD-1 programmed cell death protein 1
PD-L1 programmed death-ligand 1
CTLA-4 cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4