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. 2026 Sep 7;19(9):1413. doi: 10.3390/ph19091413
AKT Protein kinase B
AXL AXL receptor tyrosine kinase
CAF cancer-associated fibroblast
COX-2 cyclooxygenase-2
CXCL12 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12
CXCR4 C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4
ECM extracellular matrix
EGF epidermal growth factor
EGCG epigallocatechin-3-gallate
EGFR epidermal growth factor receptor
EMT epithelial–mesenchymal transition
ERK extracellular signal-regulated kinase
FAK focal adhesion kinase
FGF fibroblast growth factor
FGFR fibroblast growth factor receptor
GAS6 growth arrest-specific 6
HGF hepatocyte growth factor
HIF-1α hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha
IGF insulin-like growth factor
IGF1R insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor
IL interleukin
IL-1β interleukin-1 beta
IL-6 interleukin-6
IL-8 interleukin-8
JAK Janus kinase
JNK c-Jun N-terminal kinase
MAPK mitogen-activated protein kinase
MCP-1 monocyte chemoattractant protein-1
MEK MAPK/ERK kinase
MET/c-MET mesenchymal–epithelial transition factor
MMP matrix metalloproteinase
mTOR mechanistic target of rapamycin
NF-κB nuclear factor kappa B
PDGF platelet-derived growth factor
PDGFR platelet-derived growth factor receptor
PGE2 prostaglandin E2
PI3K phosphoinositide 3-kinase
Pro-EGCG prodrug of epigallocatechin-3-gallate
RAS rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog
Rg3 ginsenoside Rg3
ROS reactive oxygen species
RTK receptor tyrosine kinase
Smad small mothers against decapentaplegic
SRC SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase
STAT3 signal transducer and activator of transcription 3
TGF-β transforming growth factor beta
TIMP tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase
TNF-α tumor necrosis factor alpha
VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor
VEGFR vascular endothelial growth factor receptor