Table 1.

Characteristics of Grandparents According to Their Caregiving Status across Waves, 1994^*

	Caregiving Status across Waves
	(1)	(2)	(3)
	Grandchild in the Home Continuously*	Grandchild in and out of the Home*	Grandchild Never in the Home*
Sociodemographic
Female (%)	66	59	55†
Post-high school education (%)	18	28	33.†,‡
Race (%)
White	46	60	85†,‡
Black	35	22	8
Latino, non-black	18	15	5
Other	1	3	2
Age (mean)	57.7	57.1	57.6§
Household income (median)	$22,372	$29,040	$37,200∥,¶
Health, health care, insurance
Number of chronic conditions (%)
None	33	40	44†,‡
One	38	34	35
Two or more	29	26	21
General health status (%)
Excellent	11	15	19†,‡
Very good	24	25	31
Good	32	29	29
Fair	20	19	14
Poor	14	11	7
Hospitalized in prior 2 yrs (%)	21	20	17†,‡
# MD visits in prior 2 yrs (median)	4	3	4¶
Health insurance (%)
Private	62	72	83†,‡
Public	18	11	8
None	20	17	10
Household Composition
Partner in household (%)	68	72	81†,‡
Adult child in household (%)	68	52	23†,‡

Notes:

^*Weighted statistics based upon the cross section of grandparents who were in the sample in 1994 (n=8,409). Unweighted sample size for first column=440; second column=882; third column=7,087.

^†p<.05 for chi² test (Column 1 vs. column 3);

^‡p<.05 for chi² test (Column 2 vs. column 3);

^§p<.05 for t-test of difference of means (Column 2 vs. column 3);

^∥p<.05 for Mann Whitney U test of difference of medians (Column 1 vs. column 3);

^¶p<.05 for Mann Whitney U test of difference of medians (Column 2 vs. column 3).