AuNPsp	gold nanoparticle spherical
AuNPst	gold nanoparticle star
AuNPr	gold nanoparticle rod
Au@PDA-RGD NPs	RGD peptide-conjugated polydopamine-coated gold nanostars
AuNS-TCS	thiolated chitosan-coated gold nanostars
CT	computed tomography
Ce6	chlorin e6
CB [7]	cucurbit [7] uril
CPT	camptothecin
DTTC	3,3′-diethylthiatricarbocyanine
EM	electromagnetic
ECL	enhanced electrochemiluminescence
EV-GNS	extracellular vesicle–gold nanostar
EPR	enhanced permeability and retention
AuNSs	gold nanostars
GNS-FA	folic acid-functionalized gold nanostars
g-CN	graphitic carbon nitride
HApt-AuNS	anti-HER2 aptamer-functionalized gold nanostars
HAuNSs@Dox-Pol	doxorubicin-loaded hollow gold nanostars
HCC	hepatocellular carcinoma
HEPES	2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl] ethanesulfonic acid
HNSCC	head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
IBC	inflammatory breast cancer
LSPR	localized surface plasmon resonance
Micro STEM	micro scanning transmission electron microscopy
MRI	magnetic resonance imaging
MR	magnetic resonance
MGNs	multimodal gold nanostars
MSCs	mesenchymal stem cells
MAuNSs	mesoporous silica-coated gold nanostars
NIR	near infrared
NK	natural killer
PDT	photodynamic therapy
PTT	photothermal therapy
PAI	photoacoustic imaging
PET	positron emission tomography
RECIST	Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors
ROS	reactive oxygen species
R/P-cGNS	red blood cell and platelet membrane-coated gold nanostars loaded with curcumin
RGD-Au DSNSs	RGD-modified dendrimer-stabilized gold nanostars
SERS	surface-enhanced Raman scattering
SYMPHONY	synergistic immuno-photothermal nanotherapy
SEAD	selected area diffraction
TCO	trans-cyclooctene
TAT	targeted alpha-particle therapy
TNBC	triple-negative breast cancer
X-Ray	X-ray diffraction
ZIF-8	zeolitic imidazole framework-8