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. 2026 Sep 16;18(9):1167. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics18091167
ACOX1 Acyl-CoA oxidase 1
ACSL4 Acyl-CoA Synthetase Long-Chain Family Member 4
ALD Alcoholic liver disease
ALOX15 Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase
ALT Alanine Aminotransferase
AMPK Adenosine Monophosphate-activated Kinase
AST Aspartate Transaminase
CAT Catalase
cGAS cyclic GMP-AMP synthase
CYP450 Cytochrome P450
DIO deiodinase
DUSP Dual Specificity Phosphatase
ER Endoplasmic Reticulum
ERK Extracellular signal-Regulated Kinase ½
FGF21 Fibroblast Growth Factor 21
FOXO3 Forkhead box O3
GPX Glutathione Peroxidase
HIF-1α Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1-alpha
iNOS Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase
MAFLD Metabolic Fatty Liver Disease
MAPK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase
mDAMPs Mitochondrial Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns
MFN2 Mitochondrial Fusion Protein
mtDNA mitochondrial DNA
NADPH Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate
MAFLD Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
NASH Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis
NO NADPH Oxidases
NRF2 Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2
NS3 Nonstructural protein 3
RNS Reactive Nitrogen Species
SELENO Selenoprotein
SOD Superoxide Dismutase
STAT3 Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3
STING Stimulator of Interferon Genes
TFR1 Transferrin Receptor 1
TNF-α Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
Trx Thioredoxin
TXNR Thioredoxin Reductase
4-HNE 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal