Table 2.
Factors Associated with Preventive Health Care
| Pap Smears (Women Age 18+) | Mammograms (Women Age 50–69) | Influenza Vaccination (Age 65+) | Pneumococcal Vaccination (Age 65+) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adj OR | 99% CI | Adj OR | 99% CI | Adj OR | 99% CI | Adj OR | 99% CI | |
| Income | ||||||||
| Q1, poorest (ref) | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
| Q2 | 1.29 | 1.23–1.34 | 1.33 | 1.22–1.44 | 1.06 | 1.00–1.13 | 1.03 | 0.96–1.10 |
| Q3 | 1.44 | 1.39–1.50 | 1.62 | 1.50–1.76 | 1.07 | 1.01–1.13 | 0.99 | 0.92–1.06 |
| Q4 | 1.61 | 1.55–1.68 | 1.86 | 1.72–2.01 | 1.10 | 1.03–1.17 | 0.92 | 0.86–0.99 |
| Q5, wealthiest | 1.82 | 1.75–1.90 | 2.31 | 2.13–2.50 | 1.12 | 1.05–1.19 | 0.86 | 0.80–0.93 |
| Mobility | ||||||||
| Did not move (ref) | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
| Moved | 1.12 | 1.08–1.17 | 0.86 | 0.79–0.95 | 0.76 | 0.71–0.82 | 1.00 | 0.92–1.08 |
| Utilization (visits) | ||||||||
| 1–3 | 0.83 | 0.80–0.86 | 0.71 | 0.66–0.76 | 0.62 | 0.58–0.65 | 0.61 | 0.56–0.66 |
| 4–12 (ref) | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
| 13+ | 0.79 | 0.77–0.82 | 0.84 | 0.79–0.90 | 1.28 | 1.23–1.34 | 1.41 | 1.34–1.48 |
| Marital status | ||||||||
| Not married (ref) | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
| Married | 1.43 | 1.40–1.48 | 1.32 | 1.25–1.39 | 1.30 | 1.25–1.36 | 1.06 | 1.01–1.11 |
| Health status (ADGs) | ||||||||
| ADG 0–1, healthiest (ref) | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
| ADG 2–3 | 2.41 | 2.32–2.51 | 1.92 | 1.77–2.07 | 1.69 | 1.58–1.81 | 1.40 | 1.28–1.54 |
| ADG 4+, sickest | 3.83 | 3.68–4.00 | 2.88 | 2.66–3.13 | 2.08 | 1.95–2.23 | 1.64 | 1.50–1.79 |
| COC 75% | ||||||||
| Low (ref) | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
| High | 1.03 | 1.01–1.06 | 1.01 | 0.96–1.06 | 1.19 | 1.14–1.24 | 1.25 | 1.19–1.31 |
| COC 50%* | ||||||||
| Low (ref) | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
| High | 1.13 | 1.10–1.17 | 1.16 | 1.08–1.24 | 1.22 | 1.15–1.30 | 1.32 | 1.22–1.42 |
COC, continuity of care using either a 75% or 50% majority-of-care definition; CI, confidence interval; ADG, ambulatory diagnostic groups; OR, odds ratio.
*
ORs derived from a separate analysis.
Age was included as an additional variable in all analyses; as the age categories differed, results are not shown here. Gender was also included for vaccination measures.