Table 1.

Summary of Utilization and Access Measures

	1996/1997		1998/1999
Measure	N	Value	N	Value	p-Value
Emergency room visits in the last 12 months
% with any visit	1,221	32.3	1,381	30.8	.941
Mean number of visits	1,221	0.68	1,381	0.61	.990
Physician visits in the last 12 months
% with any visit	1,221	86.7	1,381	85.5	.551
Mean number of visits	1,221	4.30	1,381	3.99	.137
NP/PA/midwife visits in the last 12 months
% with any visit	1,221	15.9	1,381	15.4	.530
Mean number of visits	1,221	0.32	1,381	0.30	.286
Hospitalizations in the last 12 months
% any stay	1,221	15.3	1,381	13.0	.136
Mean number of stays	1,221	0.21	1,381	0.21	.458
Outpatient surgery in the last 12 months
% any surgery	1,221	6.1	1,381	6.2	.121
Mean number of surgeries	1,221	0.07	1,381	0.08	.225
Inpatient surgeries in the last 12 months
% any surgery	1,221	1.9	1,381	2.7	.006
Mean number of surgeries	1,221	0.02	1,381	0.03	.006
% with unmet medical needs in the last 12 months	1,220	4.7	1,375	6.0	.516
% put off care in the last 12 months	1,219	7.5	1,376	7.9	.565
% with usual source of care	1,218	96.1	1,377	93.1	.007
% with usual source of care that is MD office or HMO	1,221	55.5	1,381	52.8	.450

Note: p-value from tests for equality across years. χ² tests were used for the categorical (percent) variables, and t-tests were used for continuous (mean) variables.

HMO, health maintenance organization; NP, nurse practitioner; PA, physician assistant.