Table 2.
Propensity Score Groups Based on Predicted Probability of Hospital-Based Skilled Nursing Facility Closure
| Mean | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Propensity Group | ||||||
| Odds Ratio from Logistic Regression (95% Confidence Interval) | 1 [lowest] | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 [highest] | |
| Predicted change in Medicare SNF per diem | 0.999*** (0.998–0.999) | $91.06 | $16.27 | −$72.02 | −$125.16 | −$203.50 |
| For-profit | 1.200 (0.879–1.637) | 1.2% | 5.3% | 11.4% | 20.3% | 38.6% |
| Located in a metropolitan area | 1.515*** (1.139–2.016) | 35.3% | 46.0% | 72.0% | 77.0% | 85.4% |
| Number of certified SNF beds | 0.985*** (0.980–0.991) | 112.8 | 40.4 | 26.1 | 23.0 | 18.1 |
| SNF occupancy in 1997 | 0.986*** (0.981–0.991) | 92.6% | 83.8% | 75.6% | 68.2% | 50.9% |
| SNF opened recently (on or after July 1, 1995) | 2.175*** (1.631–2.899) | 1.0% | 2.7% | 6.1% | 24.6% | 60.5% |
| Mountain | 1.201 (0.733–1.968) | 3.3% | 11.4% | 6.1% | 10.4% | 9.9% |
| West North Central | 0.807 (0.496–1.314) | 22.3% | 11.4% | 18.0% | 7.8% | 3.5% |
| West South Central | 1.404* (0.943–2.090) | 0.7% | 1.2% | 6.3% | 25.9% | 40.2% |
| East North Central | 0.610** (0.386–0.963) | 13.4% | 26.9% | 18.0% | 8.9% | 4.5% |
| East South Central | 0.557** (0.325–0.955) | 10.6% | 11.9% | 9.4% | 6.8% | 4.0% |
| South Atlantic | 0.620** (0.389–0.987) | 20.6% | 12.9% | 13.2% | 10.9% | 9.4% |
| Mid-Atlantic | 0.828 (0.499–1.372) | 17.5% | 8.9% | 8.1% | 6.1% | 10.9% |
| New England | 0.919 (0.461–1.833) | 1.7% | 2.5% | 2.7% | 4.3% | 4.3% |
| No. of SNFs closed | 13 | 38 | 90 | 93 | 196 | |
| No. of SNFs stayed open | 380 | 355 | 303 | 300 | 197 | |
| Fraction of SNFs closed (%) | 3.3 | 9.7 | 22.9 | 23.7 | 49.9 | |
*
p-value<0.10;
**
p-value<0.05;
***
p-value<0.01. The logistic regression is unweighted. “Pacific” is the excluded geographic category.
SNF, skilled nursing facility.