. 2005 Dec;40(6 Pt 1):1883–1897. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-6773.2005.00434.x

Table 3.

Difference-in-Differences Estimates of the Effects of Hospital-Based SNF Closure on Utilization, Spending, and Outcomes

	Propensity Group

Variable	1 [lowest]	2	3	4	5 [highest]	Pooled (all hospitals)
Hospital length of stay	0.28	0.05	0.08	0.12	0.18^**	0.12^***
Hospital payments per episode	−$213.56	−$91.60	$475.74^***	$364.88^**	$124.15	$254.57^***
Hospital outlier payments per episode	−$103.32	$108.01^*	$57.84	$71.83	$93.80	$75.96^*
Early transfer (%)	−0.3	−0.1	−0.1	−0.2	−0.4^**	−0.2^***
Postacute use
Hospital-based SNF (%)	−15.9^***	−9.1^***	−8.1^***	−8.6^***	−10.3^***	−9.2^***
Freestanding SNF (%)	4.5^***	3.3^***	2.6^***	2.0^***	2.2^***	2.4^***
Home health (%)	−0.5	−0.5	1.5^***	0.0	0.0	0.3
Other (%)	1.4	2.5^***	3.0^***	1.6^***	2.5^***	2.3^***
No postacute use (%)	5.8^**	1.2	−0.8	1.4^**	1.6^**	0.9^***
Postacute payments per episode
Hospital-based SNF	−$1,391.96^***	−$609.05^***	−$292.34^***	−$322.09^***	−$472.77^***	−$415.30^***
Freestanding SNF	$764.00^***	$331.48^***	$197.96^***	$199.13^***	$41.59	$174.36^***
Home health	$111.74	−$28.62	−$3.48	−$26.15	−$30.25	−$18.99
Other	$179.21^*	$351.31^***	$399.11^***	$80.10	$305.30^***	$272.46^***
Total episode payments per episode	−$807.37	−$165.91	$897.21^***	$366.03	$100.80	$342.86^**
30-day mortality (%)	−0.7	0.2	−0.1	0.0	−0.3^**	−0.1^*
120-day mortality (%)	−1.8^**	0.2	0.0	0.0	−0.3	−0.1
360-day mortality (%)	−2.8	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.0
Rehospitalized (%)	−0.1	−0.2	0.4^*	−0.1	0.7^***	0.2^*
Rehospitalized with a potentially preventable condition (%)	0.6	−0.4	−0.1	−0.1	0.1	0.0
Number of hospitals	351	364	368	368	351	1,965

p-value<0.10;

^**

p-value<0.05;

^***

p-value<0.01. Weighted by number of admissions in 1997.

SNF, skilled nursing facility.