Table 3.

Association between PAM Score and Construct Validity Indicators

Variable Answer Category (n)	Mean Score on PAM 13	F; df	p	Mean Score on PAM 22	F; df	p
General preventive behaviors
Follow a low fat diet
Always or almost always (775)	64.2	59.1; 1, 1466	.001	60.5	72.1; 1, 1466	.001
Sometimes or never (693)	59.2			55.9
Follow regular exercise schedule
Yes (855)	64.2	74.4; 1, 1465	.001	60.7	122.1; 1, 1465	.001
No (612)	58.5			55.0
Five servings of fruits or vegetables per day
At least 4 days per week (730)	64.2	51.2; 1, 1466	.001	60.6	65.9; 1, 1466	.001
3 days per week or less (738)	59.5			56.1
Smoke tobacco
Yes (250)	59.9	6.7; 1, 1466	.010	56.0	14.4; 1, 1466	.001
No (1,218)	62.2			58.8
Disease specific behaviors
Diabetes
Use glucose journal
Always or almost always (108)	61.0	3.1; 1, 155	.079	57.6	4.5; 1, 155	.05
Sometimes or never (49)	57.3			53.8
Arthritis
Arthritis exercise
Always or almost always (249)	64.5	48.3; 1, 557	.001	60.4	62.7; 1, 557	.001
Sometimes or never (310)	57.2			53.7
High cholesterol
Follow a low fat diet
Always or almost always (249)	64.1	37.7; 1, 433	.001	60.1	40.1; 1, 433	.001
Sometimes or never (196)	56.9			53.9
Consumeristic behaviors
Before I go to a new health care provider, I find out as much as I can about his or her qualifications
Disagree or strongly disagree (232)	56.6	166.4; 2, 1374	.001	54.0	162.3; 2, 1374	.001
Agree (880)	59.6			56.4
Strongly agree (307)	72.8			67.4
When I do not understand, I am persistent in asking my health care provider to explain something until I understand it
Disagree or strongly disagree (79)	51.9	340.7; 2, 1447	.001	50.1	300.8; 2, 1447	.001
Agree (992)	58.0			55.3
Strongly agree (423)	73.6			67.7

PAM, Patient Activation Measure.