Transgenic potato plants indicate elevation of MAPK activity and up-regulation of defense-related genes during compatible P. infestans-potato interactions. Total RNA and proteins were isolated from potato leaves after the inoculation with virulent P. infestans at indicated times and used for RT-PCR (A), in-gel kinase assay (B), or RNA gel-blot analyses (C). For RT-PCR, 28, 40, and 30 amplification cycles were applied with specific primers for StMEK1DD transgene, endogenous PVS3, and constitutively expressed EF-1α, respectively. The MAPK activity was assayed with in-gel kinase assay using MBP as a substrate. The same samples were stained with Coomassie Brilliant Blue, and the bands corresponding to ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase large subunit (RBCL) are shown. The transcript levels of defense-related genes were determined by sequential probing with cDNA probes indicated on the left side of the sections.