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. 2026 Jul 4;12:200. doi: 10.1186/s40795-026-01423-z

Table 2.

Biological Indicators Difference in different groups

Groups Deficient
(n = 1740)
Insufficient
(n = 284)
Sufficient
(n = 56)
P
Age (years) 49.38 ± 13.87 49.93 ± 13.47 51.05 ± 14.00 0.365
ALT (U/L) 31.60 ± 26.31 35.34 ± 31.05 35.19 ± 25.50 0.224
AST (U/L) 24.36 ± 13.52 26.34 ± 23.55 24.97 ± 11.64 0.197
BUN (mmol/L) 5.42 ± 1.54 5.75 ± 1.37 5.63 ± 2.30 0.062
UA (umol/L) 321.33 ± 105.96 335.91 ± 100.43 336.78 ± 99.84 0.830
CRE (µmol/L) 77.41 ± 14.18 86.56 ± 11.86 90.00 ± 16.05 0.107
GLU (mmol/L) 4.90 ± 1.33 4.93 ± 1.42 5.23 ± 2.14 0.059
HbA1c (%) 5.97 ± 0.94 6.00 ± 0.97 6.09 ± 1.32 0.525
TC (mmol/L) 4.67 ± 0.97 4.70 ± 0.94 5.13 ± 1.13 0.393
TG (mmol/L) 1.40 ± 1.33 1.32 ± 0.89 1.59 ± 1.21 0.633
HDL-C (mmol/L) 1.28 ± 0.29 1.25 ± 0.25 1.30 ± 0.27 0.252
LDL-C (mmol/L) 3.02 ± 0.84 3.12 ± 0.79 3.35 ± 0.98 0.445
Ca (mmol/L) 2.20 ± 0.15 2.22 ± 0.13 2.20 ± 0.13 0.873
P (mmol/L) 0.98 ± 0.22 1.04 ± 0.20 0.99 ± 0.24 0.823
Mg (mmol/L) 0.81 ± 0.10 0.79 ± 0.11 0.84 ± 0.10 0.762

Values are given as mean ± SD

Abbreviations: ALT Alanine aminotransferase, AST Aspartate aminotransferase, BUN Blood urea nitrogen, UA Uric acid, CRE Serum creatinine, GLU Glucose, glycated hemoglobin, HbA1c glycated hemoglobin, TC Total cholesterol, TG Triglycerides, HDL-C High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, Ca serum calcium, P serum phosphorus, Mg serum magnesium