DNA binding of v-Rel dimerization mutants. v-Rel proteins were translated alone or cotranslated with c-Rel (aa 1 to 284), NF-κB1 (p50), and NF-κB2 (p52) and used in EMSAs with a 32P-labeled palindromic κB site probe (GGGGAATTCCCC). The Rel/NF-κB proteins in each reaction are indicated on the top of each panel. Reactions with translation mixtures containing v-Rel (A), M1 and M1M (B), and M3 and M3R (C) are indicated above each panel. The locations of heterodimeric complexes are indicated by asterisks. All cotranslations contained approximately equal amounts of each protein. The DNA-binding activity of v-Rel, M1, M1M, M3, and M3R homodimers when ca. 15-fold more protein is used are shown in panel D.