Skip to main content
. 2026 Sep 25;28:e95921. doi: 10.2196/95921

Table 3. Scores of variables associated with technophobia toward digital health technologies among older patients with stroke (N=343).


Variable
Items, n Possible range Observed range Total scorea Mean item scorea
Median (IQR) Mean (SD) Median (IQR) Mean (SD)
Total eHealth literacy score 8 8‐40 9‐39 30.0 (18.0‐34.0) 26.5 (8.7) 3.8 (2.3‐4.3) 3.3 (1.1)
 Use ability 5 5‐25 5‐25 19.0 (10.0‐22.0) 16.6 (5.9) 3.8 (2.0‐4.4) 3.3 (1.2)
 Appraisal ability 2 2‐10 2‐10 8.0 (5.0‐9.0) 6.8 (2.4) 4.0 (2.5‐4.5) 3.4 (1.2)
 Decision-making ability 1 1‐5 1‐5 3.0 (2.0‐4.0) 3.2 (1.3) 3.0 (2.0‐4.0) 3.2 (1.3)
Total perceived social support score 12 12‐84 24‐77 66.0 (52.0‐72.0) 60.2 (14.3) 5.5 (4.3‐6.0) 5.0 (1.2)
 Family support 4 4‐28 6‐28 24.0 (22.0‐25.0) 22.2 (5.2) 6.0 (5.5‐6.3) 5.6 (1.3)
 Friend support 4 4‐28 7‐28 21.0 (15.0‐24.0) 19.3 (5.3) 5.3 (3.8‐6.0) 4.8 (1.3)
 Other support 4 4‐28 5‐27 20.0 (14.0‐24.0) 18.7 (5.8) 5.0 (3.5‐6.0) 4.7 (1.5)
Total stroke self-efficacy score 11 0‐110 20‐101 83.0 (64.0‐89.0) 75.8 (17.5) 7.6 (5.8‐8.1) 6.9 (1.6)
 Activity function efficacy 6 0‐60 7‐60 45.0 (36.0‐49.0) 41.2 (11.6) 7.5 (6.0‐8.2) 6.9 (1.9)
 Self-management efficacy 5 0‐50 8‐47 36.0 (30.0‐40.0) 34.6 (7.6) 7.2 (6.0‐8.0) 6.9 (1.5)
a

Scale scores are presented as medians (IQR) due to nonnormal distributions; the mean (SD) is also reported to facilitate comparisons with previous studies.