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. 2026 Sep 14;14:1783089. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1783089

Table 11.

Applied discounts—government systems and services.

Outcome Financial value ($CAD) Outcome incidence Deadweight Attribution Displacement Benefit period (years) Drop-off Net social value
# of service users with decreased need for hospital/medical response to overdoses $5,668 1 0% 10% 0% 0 0% $5,101.20
# of service users with overdose addressed at SCS resulting in decreased emergency medical response to overdose. $360 51 0% 10% 0% 0 0% $16,524.00
# of increased emergency medical response to overdose (e.g., people using in local area outside the SCS operating hours) −$360 13 20% 0% 0% 1 10% −$3,674.99
Decreased hospital visits due to weather-related issues (e.g., frostbite, heat stroke, etc.) $10,354 106 10% 50% 0% 0 0% $493,885.80
# of service users with decreased hospital cost related to HIV infections in people who use drugs (minimum estimate of 1) $5,985 1 20% 75% 0% 0 0% $1,197.00
Decreased police call-outs related to public substance use, social disorder, violence, etc. $1,141 52 0% 30% 0% 0 0% $41,532.40
Increased police call-outs related to public substance use, social disorder, violence, etc. −$1,141 433 10% 30% 0% 1 10% −$311,253.39
Total $243,312.02