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. 2026 Sep 14;20:1883543. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2026.1883543

Table 4.

Quantitative comparison of amplification factor α values using MSE, PSNR, and SSIM (σ = {15, 30, 60}).

α MSE PSNR in dB SSIM
0.5 1,200 17.35 0.782
1.0 730 19.55 0.835
1.5 280 23.70 0.915
2.0 1,620 16.15 0.735